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In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak
Fish health personnel have limited tools in combatting viral diseases such as heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in open net-pen farmed Atlantic salmon. In this study, we aimed to predict HSMI by intensified health monitoring and apply clinical nutrition to mitigate the condition. We foll...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36694262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01137-1 |
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author | Rennemo, Johan Myrvold, Steinar Berge, Kjetil Kileng, Øyvind Pedersen, Børge Aksberg, Dan Sindre Lisik, Piotr Crappe, Delphine McGurk, Charles Rimstad, Espen Wessel, Øystein Koppang, Erling Olaf Bjørgen, Håvard |
author_facet | Rennemo, Johan Myrvold, Steinar Berge, Kjetil Kileng, Øyvind Pedersen, Børge Aksberg, Dan Sindre Lisik, Piotr Crappe, Delphine McGurk, Charles Rimstad, Espen Wessel, Øystein Koppang, Erling Olaf Bjørgen, Håvard |
author_sort | Rennemo, Johan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fish health personnel have limited tools in combatting viral diseases such as heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in open net-pen farmed Atlantic salmon. In this study, we aimed to predict HSMI by intensified health monitoring and apply clinical nutrition to mitigate the condition. We followed a commercial cohort (G1) of Atlantic salmon that was PRV-1 naïve when transferred to a sea cage at a location where HSMI outbreaks commonly occur. The fish in the other cages (G2-G6) at the location had a different origin than G1 and were PRV-1 positive prior to sea transfer. By continuous analysis of production data and sequentially (approximately every fourth week) performing autopsy, RT-qPCR (for PRV-1 and selected immune genes), blood and histological analysis of 10 fish from G1 and G2, we identified the time of PRV-1 infection in G1 and predicted the onset of HSMI prior to any clinical signs of disease. Identical sequences across partial genomes of PRV-1 isolates from G1 and G2 suggest the likely transfer from infected cages to G1. The isolates were grouped into a genogroup known to be of high virulence. A commercial health diet was applied during the HSMI outbreak, and the fish had low mortality and an unaffected appetite. In conclusion, we show that fish health and welfare can benefit from in-depth health monitoring. We also discuss the potential health value of clinical nutrition as a mean to mitigate HSMI. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13567-023-01137-1. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9872415 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98724152023-01-25 In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak Rennemo, Johan Myrvold, Steinar Berge, Kjetil Kileng, Øyvind Pedersen, Børge Aksberg, Dan Sindre Lisik, Piotr Crappe, Delphine McGurk, Charles Rimstad, Espen Wessel, Øystein Koppang, Erling Olaf Bjørgen, Håvard Vet Res Research Article Fish health personnel have limited tools in combatting viral diseases such as heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in open net-pen farmed Atlantic salmon. In this study, we aimed to predict HSMI by intensified health monitoring and apply clinical nutrition to mitigate the condition. We followed a commercial cohort (G1) of Atlantic salmon that was PRV-1 naïve when transferred to a sea cage at a location where HSMI outbreaks commonly occur. The fish in the other cages (G2-G6) at the location had a different origin than G1 and were PRV-1 positive prior to sea transfer. By continuous analysis of production data and sequentially (approximately every fourth week) performing autopsy, RT-qPCR (for PRV-1 and selected immune genes), blood and histological analysis of 10 fish from G1 and G2, we identified the time of PRV-1 infection in G1 and predicted the onset of HSMI prior to any clinical signs of disease. Identical sequences across partial genomes of PRV-1 isolates from G1 and G2 suggest the likely transfer from infected cages to G1. The isolates were grouped into a genogroup known to be of high virulence. A commercial health diet was applied during the HSMI outbreak, and the fish had low mortality and an unaffected appetite. In conclusion, we show that fish health and welfare can benefit from in-depth health monitoring. We also discuss the potential health value of clinical nutrition as a mean to mitigate HSMI. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13567-023-01137-1. BioMed Central 2023-01-24 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9872415/ /pubmed/36694262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01137-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rennemo, Johan Myrvold, Steinar Berge, Kjetil Kileng, Øyvind Pedersen, Børge Aksberg, Dan Sindre Lisik, Piotr Crappe, Delphine McGurk, Charles Rimstad, Espen Wessel, Øystein Koppang, Erling Olaf Bjørgen, Håvard In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak |
title | In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak |
title_full | In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak |
title_fullStr | In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak |
title_full_unstemmed | In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak |
title_short | In-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed Atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an HSMI outbreak |
title_sort | in-depth health surveillance and clinical nutrition in farmed atlantic salmon: a strategic attempt to detect and mitigate an hsmi outbreak |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36694262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-023-01137-1 |
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