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The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress

BACKGROUND: Clinical prevalence of major depression is higher in women than men, while the psychoneuroimmunological mechanisms underlying the differences between the two sexes are not fully understood. METHODS: The present study explored sex differences in the behaviors and depressive pathological m...

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Autores principales: Xia, Juan, Wang, Haoyin, Zhang, Cai, Liu, Baiping, Li, Yuyu, Li, Kangwei, Li, Peng, Song, Cai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36703721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1059594
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author Xia, Juan
Wang, Haoyin
Zhang, Cai
Liu, Baiping
Li, Yuyu
Li, Kangwei
Li, Peng
Song, Cai
author_facet Xia, Juan
Wang, Haoyin
Zhang, Cai
Liu, Baiping
Li, Yuyu
Li, Kangwei
Li, Peng
Song, Cai
author_sort Xia, Juan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Clinical prevalence of major depression is higher in women than men, while the psychoneuroimmunological mechanisms underlying the differences between the two sexes are not fully understood. METHODS: The present study explored sex differences in the behaviors and depressive pathological mechanisms induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by the sucrose preference test (SPT), force swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), and elevated plus-maze (EPM). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure cytokine concentrations, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolite contents, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to measure glial parameters in the hippocampus. RESULTS: Under control conditions, female rats exhibited shorter immobility times in the FST, lower interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-4 levels in the hippocampus, lower norepinephrine (NE) and homovanillic acid (HVA), and higher p75 and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression than male rats. CUMS markedly reduced rat body weight gain, sucrose preference, locomotor activity, number of entries into the central zone and rearing in the OFT, as well as the number of entries into and time spent in open arms of the EPM; however, CUMS increased the immobility times of the rats of both sexes in the FST. Interestingly, more pronounced changes in sucrose preference and locomotor activity were observed in female rats than in males. Consistently, CUMS-increased glucocorticoid concentration, M1 microglial marker CD11b, and peripheral IL-1β and IL-4, while decreased hippocampal IL-10, serotonin (5-HT), dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) were more significant in females than in males. CONCLUSION: These data revealed possible mechanisms by which females suffer more depression than males at least in a stressful environment.
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spelling pubmed-98726502023-01-25 The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress Xia, Juan Wang, Haoyin Zhang, Cai Liu, Baiping Li, Yuyu Li, Kangwei Li, Peng Song, Cai Front Behav Neurosci Neuroscience BACKGROUND: Clinical prevalence of major depression is higher in women than men, while the psychoneuroimmunological mechanisms underlying the differences between the two sexes are not fully understood. METHODS: The present study explored sex differences in the behaviors and depressive pathological mechanisms induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by the sucrose preference test (SPT), force swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), and elevated plus-maze (EPM). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure cytokine concentrations, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolite contents, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to measure glial parameters in the hippocampus. RESULTS: Under control conditions, female rats exhibited shorter immobility times in the FST, lower interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-4 levels in the hippocampus, lower norepinephrine (NE) and homovanillic acid (HVA), and higher p75 and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression than male rats. CUMS markedly reduced rat body weight gain, sucrose preference, locomotor activity, number of entries into the central zone and rearing in the OFT, as well as the number of entries into and time spent in open arms of the EPM; however, CUMS increased the immobility times of the rats of both sexes in the FST. Interestingly, more pronounced changes in sucrose preference and locomotor activity were observed in female rats than in males. Consistently, CUMS-increased glucocorticoid concentration, M1 microglial marker CD11b, and peripheral IL-1β and IL-4, while decreased hippocampal IL-10, serotonin (5-HT), dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) were more significant in females than in males. CONCLUSION: These data revealed possible mechanisms by which females suffer more depression than males at least in a stressful environment. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9872650/ /pubmed/36703721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1059594 Text en Copyright © 2023 Xia, Wang, Zhang, Liu, Li, Li, Li and Song. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Xia, Juan
Wang, Haoyin
Zhang, Cai
Liu, Baiping
Li, Yuyu
Li, Kangwei
Li, Peng
Song, Cai
The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
title The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
title_full The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
title_fullStr The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
title_full_unstemmed The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
title_short The comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
title_sort comparison of sex differences in depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammatory changes in a rat model of depression induced by chronic stress
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9872650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36703721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1059594
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