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Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study
BACKGROUND: Findings of reward disturbances in unaffected relatives of patients with schizophrenia suggest reward disturbances as an endophenotype for schizophrenia. Twin studies, where 1 twin has been diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, can further explore this. METHODS: We used Danis...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9874133/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36712565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.01.002 |
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author | Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard Rostrup, Egill Hilker, Rikke Legind, Christian Anhøj, Simon Robbins, Trevor William Sahakian, Barbara J. Fagerlund, Birgitte Glenthøj, Birte |
author_facet | Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard Rostrup, Egill Hilker, Rikke Legind, Christian Anhøj, Simon Robbins, Trevor William Sahakian, Barbara J. Fagerlund, Birgitte Glenthøj, Birte |
author_sort | Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Findings of reward disturbances in unaffected relatives of patients with schizophrenia suggest reward disturbances as an endophenotype for schizophrenia. Twin studies, where 1 twin has been diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, can further explore this. METHODS: We used Danish registries to identify twin pairs with at least 1 twin having a schizophrenia spectrum disorder diagnosis and control twin pairs matched on age, sex, and zygosity. The analyses included data from 34 unaffected co-twins (16 females), 42 probands with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (17 females), and 83 control twins (42 females). Participants performed a modified incentive delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-brain group differences were analyzed by performing comparisons between co-twins and control twins. Correlations with cognitive flexibility were tested. RESULTS: Compared with control twins, co-twins showed no differences in striatal regions, but increased signal in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during missed target contrast was observed. In co-twins, increased DLPFC signal was associated with lower intra-extra dimensional set-shifting scores indicative of higher cognitive flexibility. CONCLUSIONS: Unaffected co-twins did not have decreased striatal activity during anticipation as previously reported for patients with schizophrenia. Instead, they showed increased activity in the DLPFC during evaluation of missed target contrast, which correlated with their level of cognitive flexibility. Unaffected co-twins had no diagnosis at a mean age of 40 years. This could indicate that greater cognitive flexibility and increased activity in the right DLPFC during processing of unexpected negative outcome represents a compensatory resilience mechanism in predisposed twins. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9874133 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98741332023-01-26 Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard Rostrup, Egill Hilker, Rikke Legind, Christian Anhøj, Simon Robbins, Trevor William Sahakian, Barbara J. Fagerlund, Birgitte Glenthøj, Birte Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci Archival Report BACKGROUND: Findings of reward disturbances in unaffected relatives of patients with schizophrenia suggest reward disturbances as an endophenotype for schizophrenia. Twin studies, where 1 twin has been diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, can further explore this. METHODS: We used Danish registries to identify twin pairs with at least 1 twin having a schizophrenia spectrum disorder diagnosis and control twin pairs matched on age, sex, and zygosity. The analyses included data from 34 unaffected co-twins (16 females), 42 probands with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (17 females), and 83 control twins (42 females). Participants performed a modified incentive delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-brain group differences were analyzed by performing comparisons between co-twins and control twins. Correlations with cognitive flexibility were tested. RESULTS: Compared with control twins, co-twins showed no differences in striatal regions, but increased signal in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during missed target contrast was observed. In co-twins, increased DLPFC signal was associated with lower intra-extra dimensional set-shifting scores indicative of higher cognitive flexibility. CONCLUSIONS: Unaffected co-twins did not have decreased striatal activity during anticipation as previously reported for patients with schizophrenia. Instead, they showed increased activity in the DLPFC during evaluation of missed target contrast, which correlated with their level of cognitive flexibility. Unaffected co-twins had no diagnosis at a mean age of 40 years. This could indicate that greater cognitive flexibility and increased activity in the right DLPFC during processing of unexpected negative outcome represents a compensatory resilience mechanism in predisposed twins. Elsevier 2022-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9874133/ /pubmed/36712565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.01.002 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Archival Report Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard Rostrup, Egill Hilker, Rikke Legind, Christian Anhøj, Simon Robbins, Trevor William Sahakian, Barbara J. Fagerlund, Birgitte Glenthøj, Birte Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study |
title | Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study |
title_full | Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study |
title_fullStr | Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study |
title_short | Reward Processing as an Indicator of Vulnerability or Compensatory Resilience in Psychoses? Results From a Twin Study |
title_sort | reward processing as an indicator of vulnerability or compensatory resilience in psychoses? results from a twin study |
topic | Archival Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9874133/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36712565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.01.002 |
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