Sperm cryopreservation for impaired spermatogenesis

Sperm cryopreservation for men with severely impaired spermatogenesis is one of the commonest reasons for short-term sperm storage, usually in advance of fertility treatment. Cryopreservation is generally very effective, although not all spermatozoa survive the process of freezing and thawing. This review considers various aspects of freezing sperm, including an overview of methods, appropriate use of cryoprotectants and practical considerations, as well as oxidative stress and mechanisms of cell cryodamage. LAY SUMMARY: Cryopreservation involves freezing of cells or tissues to preserve them for future use. Sperm cryopreservation for men with a very low sperm count is one of the commonest reasons for short-term sperm storage, usually in advance of fertility treatment. Cryopreservation is generally very effective, although not all sperm cells survive the process of freezing and thawing. This review covers various aspects of freezing sperm, including consideration of methods used and mechanisms of cell damage.