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A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction

BACKGROUND: No definitive treatment exists to effectively restore function in patients with persistent post‐infectious olfactory dysfunction (OD). Corticosteroids have been considered as a therapeutic option in post‐infectious OD but their benefit in COVID‐19‐related OD remains unexplored. We aim to...

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Autores principales: Pendolino, Alfonso Luca, Ottaviano, Giancarlo, Nijim, Juman, Scarpa, Bruno, De Lucia, Giulia, Berro, Cecilia, Nicolai, Piero, Andrews, Peter J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9877766/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36718474
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lio2.989
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author Pendolino, Alfonso Luca
Ottaviano, Giancarlo
Nijim, Juman
Scarpa, Bruno
De Lucia, Giulia
Berro, Cecilia
Nicolai, Piero
Andrews, Peter J.
author_facet Pendolino, Alfonso Luca
Ottaviano, Giancarlo
Nijim, Juman
Scarpa, Bruno
De Lucia, Giulia
Berro, Cecilia
Nicolai, Piero
Andrews, Peter J.
author_sort Pendolino, Alfonso Luca
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: No definitive treatment exists to effectively restore function in patients with persistent post‐infectious olfactory dysfunction (OD). Corticosteroids have been considered as a therapeutic option in post‐infectious OD but their benefit in COVID‐19‐related OD remains unexplored. We aim to determine the role of the combination of corticosteroids plus olfactory training (OT) in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related OD. METHODS: A multicenter real‐life cohort study was conducted between December 2020 and April 2022 on patients with reported COVID‐19‐related OD. Only patients with confirmed OD at Sniffin' Sticks (S'S) and those who attended their 6‐month follow‐up were included. Patients were started on a combined treatment of corticosteroids and OT. Patients refusing corticosteroids or not doing any treatment formed the control groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for sense of smell and SNOT‐22 were used to assess patients reported symptoms. RESULTS: Sixty‐seven subjects with reported COVID‐19‐related OD were initially seen. Normosmic patients at S'S (n = 14) and those not attending their follow‐up (n = 9) were excluded. Of the 44 patients included in the analysis, 19 patients had the combined treatment (group A), 16 patients refused to take corticosteroids and did the OT alone (group B) whereas 9 patients did not do any treatment (group C). An improvement of threshold + discrimination + identification (TDI) score (p = .01) and VAS for smell (p = .01) was found in group A whereas only the TDI score improved in group B (p = .04). Presence of comorbidities, age, sex (male), and length of OD negatively influenced olfactory recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the importance of OT in long‐term OD suggesting that the addition of corticosteroids may give a benefit in terms of patient's perceived olfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b
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spelling pubmed-98777662023-01-26 A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction Pendolino, Alfonso Luca Ottaviano, Giancarlo Nijim, Juman Scarpa, Bruno De Lucia, Giulia Berro, Cecilia Nicolai, Piero Andrews, Peter J. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol Allergy, Rhinology, and Immunology BACKGROUND: No definitive treatment exists to effectively restore function in patients with persistent post‐infectious olfactory dysfunction (OD). Corticosteroids have been considered as a therapeutic option in post‐infectious OD but their benefit in COVID‐19‐related OD remains unexplored. We aim to determine the role of the combination of corticosteroids plus olfactory training (OT) in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related OD. METHODS: A multicenter real‐life cohort study was conducted between December 2020 and April 2022 on patients with reported COVID‐19‐related OD. Only patients with confirmed OD at Sniffin' Sticks (S'S) and those who attended their 6‐month follow‐up were included. Patients were started on a combined treatment of corticosteroids and OT. Patients refusing corticosteroids or not doing any treatment formed the control groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for sense of smell and SNOT‐22 were used to assess patients reported symptoms. RESULTS: Sixty‐seven subjects with reported COVID‐19‐related OD were initially seen. Normosmic patients at S'S (n = 14) and those not attending their follow‐up (n = 9) were excluded. Of the 44 patients included in the analysis, 19 patients had the combined treatment (group A), 16 patients refused to take corticosteroids and did the OT alone (group B) whereas 9 patients did not do any treatment (group C). An improvement of threshold + discrimination + identification (TDI) score (p = .01) and VAS for smell (p = .01) was found in group A whereas only the TDI score improved in group B (p = .04). Presence of comorbidities, age, sex (male), and length of OD negatively influenced olfactory recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the importance of OT in long‐term OD suggesting that the addition of corticosteroids may give a benefit in terms of patient's perceived olfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2022-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9877766/ /pubmed/36718474 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lio2.989 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of The Triological Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Allergy, Rhinology, and Immunology
Pendolino, Alfonso Luca
Ottaviano, Giancarlo
Nijim, Juman
Scarpa, Bruno
De Lucia, Giulia
Berro, Cecilia
Nicolai, Piero
Andrews, Peter J.
A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
title A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
title_full A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
title_fullStr A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
title_full_unstemmed A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
title_short A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
title_sort multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent covid‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction
topic Allergy, Rhinology, and Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9877766/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36718474
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lio2.989
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