Primary carcinoid or sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis: A case report

BACKGROUND: Carcinoid tumors of the testis are rare and orchiectomy is the preferred treatment. This type of testis tumors is rare and their differentiation from sex cord-stromal tumors is difficult. CASE PRESENTATION: A 29‑year‑old man presented with right testicular mass and underwent radical orchidectomy. Histological examination showed neuroendocrine tumor, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy (Ethic code: IR.MUMS.REC.1400.237). CONCLUSION: Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor is very rare. It is crucial to submit the entire gross specimen for histopathologic examination to rule out an existing of other germ cell elements. Our patient had a well-differentiated carcinoid tumor and after two years of follow-up (every three months), there was no recurrence or metastasis.