Cargando…

COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review

BACKGROUND: Myocarditis is a rare but significant adverse event associated with COVID‐19 vaccination, especially for men under 40. If the risk of myocarditis is not stratified by pertinent risk factors, it may be diluted for high‐risk and inflated for low‐risk groups. We sought to assess how the ris...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Knudsen, Benjamin, Prasad, Vinay
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9880674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36576362
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eci.13947
_version_ 1784878957878837248
author Knudsen, Benjamin
Prasad, Vinay
author_facet Knudsen, Benjamin
Prasad, Vinay
author_sort Knudsen, Benjamin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Myocarditis is a rare but significant adverse event associated with COVID‐19 vaccination, especially for men under 40. If the risk of myocarditis is not stratified by pertinent risk factors, it may be diluted for high‐risk and inflated for low‐risk groups. We sought to assess how the risk of myocarditis is reported in the literature. METHODS: In accordance with PRISMA standards, we reviewed primary publications in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and MedRxiv (through 3/2022) and included studies that estimated the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis after receiving either the BNT162b2 (Pfizer), mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) or Ad26COVS1 (Janssen) vaccine. The main outcome was the percentage of studies using 4, 3, 2, 1 or 0 stratifiers (i.e. sex, age, dose number and manufacturer) when reporting the highest risk of myocarditis. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of myocarditis in males after dose 1 and 2 of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) or mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) vaccine. RESULTS: The 29 included studies originated in North America, Europe, Asia, or were Worldwide. Of them, 28% (8/29) used all four stratifiers, and 45% (13/29) used 1 or 0 stratifiers. The highest incidence of myocarditis ranged from 8.1—39 cases per 100,000 persons (or doses) in studies using four stratifiers. Six studies reported an incidence greater than 15 cases per 100,000 persons (or doses) in males aged 12–24 after dose 2 of an mRNA‐based vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: Only one in four articles reporting myocarditis used four stratifiers, and men younger than 40 receiving a second dose of an mRNA vaccine are at greatest risk.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9880674
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-98806742023-01-27 COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review Knudsen, Benjamin Prasad, Vinay Eur J Clin Invest Systematic Reviews BACKGROUND: Myocarditis is a rare but significant adverse event associated with COVID‐19 vaccination, especially for men under 40. If the risk of myocarditis is not stratified by pertinent risk factors, it may be diluted for high‐risk and inflated for low‐risk groups. We sought to assess how the risk of myocarditis is reported in the literature. METHODS: In accordance with PRISMA standards, we reviewed primary publications in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and MedRxiv (through 3/2022) and included studies that estimated the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis after receiving either the BNT162b2 (Pfizer), mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) or Ad26COVS1 (Janssen) vaccine. The main outcome was the percentage of studies using 4, 3, 2, 1 or 0 stratifiers (i.e. sex, age, dose number and manufacturer) when reporting the highest risk of myocarditis. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of myocarditis in males after dose 1 and 2 of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) or mRNA‐1273 (Moderna) vaccine. RESULTS: The 29 included studies originated in North America, Europe, Asia, or were Worldwide. Of them, 28% (8/29) used all four stratifiers, and 45% (13/29) used 1 or 0 stratifiers. The highest incidence of myocarditis ranged from 8.1—39 cases per 100,000 persons (or doses) in studies using four stratifiers. Six studies reported an incidence greater than 15 cases per 100,000 persons (or doses) in males aged 12–24 after dose 2 of an mRNA‐based vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: Only one in four articles reporting myocarditis used four stratifiers, and men younger than 40 receiving a second dose of an mRNA vaccine are at greatest risk. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9880674/ /pubmed/36576362 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eci.13947 Text en © 2022 The Authors. European Journal of Clinical Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Systematic Reviews
Knudsen, Benjamin
Prasad, Vinay
COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
title COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
title_full COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
title_fullStr COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
title_short COVID‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: A systematic review
title_sort covid‐19 vaccine induced myocarditis in young males: a systematic review
topic Systematic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9880674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36576362
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eci.13947
work_keys_str_mv AT knudsenbenjamin covid19vaccineinducedmyocarditisinyoungmalesasystematicreview
AT prasadvinay covid19vaccineinducedmyocarditisinyoungmalesasystematicreview