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Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs

PURPOSE: Presentation of the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs in the development of depression after glucocorticoids (GCs) therapy. VIEWS: GCs are steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal glands, and their synthesis is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. The sec...

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Autor principal: Skórzewska, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Termedia Publishing House 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9881630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37082772
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2021.110791
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author Skórzewska, Anna
author_facet Skórzewska, Anna
author_sort Skórzewska, Anna
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: Presentation of the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs in the development of depression after glucocorticoids (GCs) therapy. VIEWS: GCs are steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal glands, and their synthesis is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. The secretion of GCs (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents) is dependent directly on corticotropin, secreted from the pituitary gland and indirectly on the corticotropin-releasing factor, a hormone released from the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. Prolonged treatment with GCs disrupts the functions of the HPA axis, impairs the dopaminergic system, suppresses hippocampal neurogenesis and sensitizes the amygdala, leading to an increased susceptibility to depression. This is an important problem because GCs are commonly prescribed for a broad range of medical conditions, including inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. The action of GCs may be at least partially regulated by epigenetic mechanisms (microRNAs), in addition to which microRNAs modulate GCs production and cellular response to GCs. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of GCs may lead to changes in dopaminergic system activity (e.g. D2 receptors activity), which significantly contribute to the predisposition to depression. Additionally, GCs therapy may cause changes in the activity of micro-RNAs (e.g. miR-124), which exacerbates symptoms of depression. Searching for specific changes in microRNA expression will provide clinically practical and easily applicable biomarkers of depression risk and new forms of pharmacotherapy in GC-induced depression.
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spelling pubmed-98816302023-04-19 Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs Skórzewska, Anna Postep Psychiatr Neurol Review Article / Artykuł Przeglądowy PURPOSE: Presentation of the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs in the development of depression after glucocorticoids (GCs) therapy. VIEWS: GCs are steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal glands, and their synthesis is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. The secretion of GCs (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents) is dependent directly on corticotropin, secreted from the pituitary gland and indirectly on the corticotropin-releasing factor, a hormone released from the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. Prolonged treatment with GCs disrupts the functions of the HPA axis, impairs the dopaminergic system, suppresses hippocampal neurogenesis and sensitizes the amygdala, leading to an increased susceptibility to depression. This is an important problem because GCs are commonly prescribed for a broad range of medical conditions, including inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. The action of GCs may be at least partially regulated by epigenetic mechanisms (microRNAs), in addition to which microRNAs modulate GCs production and cellular response to GCs. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of GCs may lead to changes in dopaminergic system activity (e.g. D2 receptors activity), which significantly contribute to the predisposition to depression. Additionally, GCs therapy may cause changes in the activity of micro-RNAs (e.g. miR-124), which exacerbates symptoms of depression. Searching for specific changes in microRNA expression will provide clinically practical and easily applicable biomarkers of depression risk and new forms of pharmacotherapy in GC-induced depression. Termedia Publishing House 2021-11-26 2021-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9881630/ /pubmed/37082772 http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2021.110791 Text en Copyright © 2021 Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
spellingShingle Review Article / Artykuł Przeglądowy
Skórzewska, Anna
Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs
title Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs
title_full Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs
title_fullStr Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs
title_full_unstemmed Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs
title_short Glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and microRNAs
title_sort glucocorticoid-induced depression – the role of the dopaminergic system and micrornas
topic Review Article / Artykuł Przeglądowy
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9881630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37082772
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2021.110791
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