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Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum

BACKGROUND: Deer species play an important role in the enzootic cycles of several Anaplasma species. While in the Northern Hemisphere ticks of genus Ixodes are well recognized vectors of these intracellular bacteria, less is known regarding the biological cycles of Anaplasma spp. in South America. M...

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Autores principales: Santodomingo, Adriana, Thomas, Richard, Robbiano, Sofía, Uribe, Juan E., Parragué-Migone, Catalina, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Vera-Otarola, Frank, Valencia-Soto, Carola, Moreira-Arce, Darío, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9883915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36707862
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05657-9
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author Santodomingo, Adriana
Thomas, Richard
Robbiano, Sofía
Uribe, Juan E.
Parragué-Migone, Catalina
Cabello-Stom, Javier
Vera-Otarola, Frank
Valencia-Soto, Carola
Moreira-Arce, Darío
Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel
Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián
author_facet Santodomingo, Adriana
Thomas, Richard
Robbiano, Sofía
Uribe, Juan E.
Parragué-Migone, Catalina
Cabello-Stom, Javier
Vera-Otarola, Frank
Valencia-Soto, Carola
Moreira-Arce, Darío
Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel
Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián
author_sort Santodomingo, Adriana
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Deer species play an important role in the enzootic cycles of several Anaplasma species. While in the Northern Hemisphere ticks of genus Ixodes are well recognized vectors of these intracellular bacteria, less is known regarding the biological cycles of Anaplasma spp. in South America. METHODS: Using PCR protocols and Sanger sequencing, we assessed the presence of Anaplasma spp. in blood and ticks collected on a native deer species (Pudu puda) from southern Chile. RESULTS: Based on phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA, gltA and groEL genes and calculation of average sequence divergence for groEL, our results bring to light a novel genovariant of Anaplasma phagocytophilum (named strain “Patagonia”). The strain represents a novel ecotype within the A. phagocytophilum species complex and was detected in both P. puda and their ticks. Using a larger matrix, denser taxon sampling and outgroup, our maximum-likelihood- and Bayesian-inferred phylogenies for groEL provide an accurate picture of the topology of A. phagocytophilum ecotypes and their evolutionary relationships. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of an ecotype of A. phagocytophilum in South America. Our results provide novel insight into the genetic diversity and ecology of this complex of bacterial lineages. Further studies should elucidate the enzootic cycle of A. phagocytophilum strain “Patagonia” and assess its pathogenic potential for pudues, domestic animals and humans in the region. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-023-05657-9.
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spelling pubmed-98839152023-01-29 Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Santodomingo, Adriana Thomas, Richard Robbiano, Sofía Uribe, Juan E. Parragué-Migone, Catalina Cabello-Stom, Javier Vera-Otarola, Frank Valencia-Soto, Carola Moreira-Arce, Darío Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Deer species play an important role in the enzootic cycles of several Anaplasma species. While in the Northern Hemisphere ticks of genus Ixodes are well recognized vectors of these intracellular bacteria, less is known regarding the biological cycles of Anaplasma spp. in South America. METHODS: Using PCR protocols and Sanger sequencing, we assessed the presence of Anaplasma spp. in blood and ticks collected on a native deer species (Pudu puda) from southern Chile. RESULTS: Based on phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA, gltA and groEL genes and calculation of average sequence divergence for groEL, our results bring to light a novel genovariant of Anaplasma phagocytophilum (named strain “Patagonia”). The strain represents a novel ecotype within the A. phagocytophilum species complex and was detected in both P. puda and their ticks. Using a larger matrix, denser taxon sampling and outgroup, our maximum-likelihood- and Bayesian-inferred phylogenies for groEL provide an accurate picture of the topology of A. phagocytophilum ecotypes and their evolutionary relationships. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of an ecotype of A. phagocytophilum in South America. Our results provide novel insight into the genetic diversity and ecology of this complex of bacterial lineages. Further studies should elucidate the enzootic cycle of A. phagocytophilum strain “Patagonia” and assess its pathogenic potential for pudues, domestic animals and humans in the region. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-023-05657-9. BioMed Central 2023-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9883915/ /pubmed/36707862 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05657-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Santodomingo, Adriana
Thomas, Richard
Robbiano, Sofía
Uribe, Juan E.
Parragué-Migone, Catalina
Cabello-Stom, Javier
Vera-Otarola, Frank
Valencia-Soto, Carola
Moreira-Arce, Darío
Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel
Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián
Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
title Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
title_full Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
title_fullStr Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
title_full_unstemmed Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
title_short Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
title_sort wild deer (pudu puda) from chile harbor a novel ecotype of anaplasma phagocytophilum
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9883915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36707862
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05657-9
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