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Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times

The role of cardiac lymphatics in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. Lymphatic system regulates cardiac physiological processes such as edema and tissue fluid balance, which affect MI pathogenesis. Recently, MI and fibrosis have been assessed using endogenous contrast in magn...

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Autores principales: Ylä-Herttuala, Elias, Vuorio, Taina, Kettunen, Sanna, Laidinen, Svetlana, Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo, Liimatainen, Timo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9884273/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36709358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28219-6
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author Ylä-Herttuala, Elias
Vuorio, Taina
Kettunen, Sanna
Laidinen, Svetlana
Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo
Liimatainen, Timo
author_facet Ylä-Herttuala, Elias
Vuorio, Taina
Kettunen, Sanna
Laidinen, Svetlana
Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo
Liimatainen, Timo
author_sort Ylä-Herttuala, Elias
collection PubMed
description The role of cardiac lymphatics in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. Lymphatic system regulates cardiac physiological processes such as edema and tissue fluid balance, which affect MI pathogenesis. Recently, MI and fibrosis have been assessed using endogenous contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on the relaxation along a fictitious field with rank n (RAFFn). We extended the RAFFn applications to evaluate the effects of lymphatic insufficiency on MI with comparison to longitudinal rotating frame (T(1ρ)) and T(2) relaxation times. MI was induced in transgenic (TG) mice expressing soluble decoy VEGF receptor 3 that reduces lymphatic vessel formation and their wild-type (WT) control littermates for comparison. The RAFFn relaxation times with rank 2 (T(RAFF2)), and rank 4 (T(RAFF4)), T(1ρ) and T(2) were acquired at time points 0, 3, 7, 21 and 42 days after the MI at 9.4 T. Infarct sizes were determined based on T(RAFF2), T(RAFF4), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation time maps. The area of differences (AOD) was calculated based on the MI areas determined on T(2) and T(RAFF2), T(RAFF4) or T(1ρ) relaxation time maps. Hematoxylin–eosin and Sirius red stained histology sections were prepared to confirm MI locations and sizes. MI was detected as increased T(RAFF2), T(RAFF4), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times. Infarct sizes were similar on all relaxation time maps during the experimental period. Significantly larger AOD values were found together with increased AOD values in the TG group compared to the WT group. Histology confirmed these findings. The lymphatic deficiency was found to increase cardiac edema in MI. The combination of T(RAFF2) (or T(RAFF4)) and T(2) characterizes MI and edema in the myocardium in both lymphatic insufficiency and normal mice without any contrast agents.
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spelling pubmed-98842732023-01-30 Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times Ylä-Herttuala, Elias Vuorio, Taina Kettunen, Sanna Laidinen, Svetlana Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo Liimatainen, Timo Sci Rep Article The role of cardiac lymphatics in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. Lymphatic system regulates cardiac physiological processes such as edema and tissue fluid balance, which affect MI pathogenesis. Recently, MI and fibrosis have been assessed using endogenous contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on the relaxation along a fictitious field with rank n (RAFFn). We extended the RAFFn applications to evaluate the effects of lymphatic insufficiency on MI with comparison to longitudinal rotating frame (T(1ρ)) and T(2) relaxation times. MI was induced in transgenic (TG) mice expressing soluble decoy VEGF receptor 3 that reduces lymphatic vessel formation and their wild-type (WT) control littermates for comparison. The RAFFn relaxation times with rank 2 (T(RAFF2)), and rank 4 (T(RAFF4)), T(1ρ) and T(2) were acquired at time points 0, 3, 7, 21 and 42 days after the MI at 9.4 T. Infarct sizes were determined based on T(RAFF2), T(RAFF4), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation time maps. The area of differences (AOD) was calculated based on the MI areas determined on T(2) and T(RAFF2), T(RAFF4) or T(1ρ) relaxation time maps. Hematoxylin–eosin and Sirius red stained histology sections were prepared to confirm MI locations and sizes. MI was detected as increased T(RAFF2), T(RAFF4), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times. Infarct sizes were similar on all relaxation time maps during the experimental period. Significantly larger AOD values were found together with increased AOD values in the TG group compared to the WT group. Histology confirmed these findings. The lymphatic deficiency was found to increase cardiac edema in MI. The combination of T(RAFF2) (or T(RAFF4)) and T(2) characterizes MI and edema in the myocardium in both lymphatic insufficiency and normal mice without any contrast agents. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9884273/ /pubmed/36709358 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28219-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Ylä-Herttuala, Elias
Vuorio, Taina
Kettunen, Sanna
Laidinen, Svetlana
Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo
Liimatainen, Timo
Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times
title Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times
title_full Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times
title_fullStr Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times
title_full_unstemmed Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times
title_short Lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance T(RAFFn), T(1ρ) and T(2) relaxation times
title_sort lymphatic insufficiency leads to distinct myocardial infarct content assessed by magnetic resonance t(raffn), t(1ρ) and t(2) relaxation times
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9884273/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36709358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28219-6
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