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Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide with a high impact on human and animal health. Body fluids such as milk are used to diagnose many parasitic diseases, including toxoplasmosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of milk as a...

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Autores principales: Nayeri, Tooran, Sarvi, Shahabeddin, Abedian, Rohallah, Gohardehi, Shaban, Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah, Daryani, Ahmad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9884371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36743359
http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10551
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author Nayeri, Tooran
Sarvi, Shahabeddin
Abedian, Rohallah
Gohardehi, Shaban
Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah
Daryani, Ahmad
author_facet Nayeri, Tooran
Sarvi, Shahabeddin
Abedian, Rohallah
Gohardehi, Shaban
Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah
Daryani, Ahmad
author_sort Nayeri, Tooran
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide with a high impact on human and animal health. Body fluids such as milk are used to diagnose many parasitic diseases, including toxoplasmosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of milk as a non-invasive and alternative sample for serum in the diagnosis of animal toxoplasmosis. METHODS: Five English-language databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science) were explored for published articles before Dec 2020. RESULTS: In total, 42 out of 2256 published articles were included in this systematic review. In 21 articles, serum and milk samples were evaluated simultaneously with serological or molecular tests, and the results were compared. The results of descriptive studies and a review of nine experimental studies showed that milk could be used as a non-invasive and alternative sample for the serum in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSION: Due to the relatively high prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in milk, consumption of raw milk from infected animals can be a potential source of human infection and a significant threat to public health. On the other hand, due to the ease and cheapness of collecting milk samples, the use of milk is recommended for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
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spelling pubmed-98843712023-02-03 Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review Nayeri, Tooran Sarvi, Shahabeddin Abedian, Rohallah Gohardehi, Shaban Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah Daryani, Ahmad Iran J Public Health Review Article BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide with a high impact on human and animal health. Body fluids such as milk are used to diagnose many parasitic diseases, including toxoplasmosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of milk as a non-invasive and alternative sample for serum in the diagnosis of animal toxoplasmosis. METHODS: Five English-language databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science) were explored for published articles before Dec 2020. RESULTS: In total, 42 out of 2256 published articles were included in this systematic review. In 21 articles, serum and milk samples were evaluated simultaneously with serological or molecular tests, and the results were compared. The results of descriptive studies and a review of nine experimental studies showed that milk could be used as a non-invasive and alternative sample for the serum in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSION: Due to the relatively high prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in milk, consumption of raw milk from infected animals can be a potential source of human infection and a significant threat to public health. On the other hand, due to the ease and cheapness of collecting milk samples, the use of milk is recommended for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2022-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9884371/ /pubmed/36743359 http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10551 Text en Copyright © 2022 Nayeri et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Nayeri, Tooran
Sarvi, Shahabeddin
Abedian, Rohallah
Gohardehi, Shaban
Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah
Daryani, Ahmad
Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review
title Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review
title_full Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review
title_short Milk as a Non-Invasive and Alternative Sample for Serum in the Diagnosis of Animal Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review
title_sort milk as a non-invasive and alternative sample for serum in the diagnosis of animal toxoplasmosis: a systematic review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9884371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36743359
http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10551
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