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Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report

The most frequent benign bone tumor, known as a giant cell tumor (GCT), typically develops in the second and third decades of life. GCTs of the bone that have already been diagnosed and have already undergone treatment with denosumab therapy, curettage or excision, or radiotherapy frequently develop...

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Autores principales: Ahmed, Salahuddin, Deshpande, Sanjay V, Chhatbar, Kuldeep
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9886414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36726918
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33173
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author Ahmed, Salahuddin
Deshpande, Sanjay V
Chhatbar, Kuldeep
author_facet Ahmed, Salahuddin
Deshpande, Sanjay V
Chhatbar, Kuldeep
author_sort Ahmed, Salahuddin
collection PubMed
description The most frequent benign bone tumor, known as a giant cell tumor (GCT), typically develops in the second and third decades of life. GCTs of the bone that have already been diagnosed and have already undergone treatment with denosumab therapy, curettage or excision, or radiotherapy frequently develop malignant transformation. A very uncommon occurrence involves a GCT of the bone that has always been malignant. Here, we describe the case of a 25-year-old man with a large cell tumor of the distal femur discovered after six months of symptom onset. The MRI suggested an aneurysmal bone cyst or subsequent modifications of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a GCT. A biopsy was performed, and the results pointed to a benign GCT of the bone. There were no pleomorphic or hyperchromatic lesions, unusual mitoses, or cellular atypia. The patient was treated with tumor removal and internal fixation using plate osteosynthesis two weeks later. The samples were sent for histopathology. The report was suggestive of osteogenic sarcoma or malignant transformation of the giant cell. This could happen due to the possibility of a biopsy sample being taken from an area not representative of the tumor site, which is not uncommon since the osteosarcoma also contains areas of conventional GCT. Thus, osteosarcoma usually mimics conventional GCT of the bone.
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spelling pubmed-98864142023-01-31 Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report Ahmed, Salahuddin Deshpande, Sanjay V Chhatbar, Kuldeep Cureus Pathology The most frequent benign bone tumor, known as a giant cell tumor (GCT), typically develops in the second and third decades of life. GCTs of the bone that have already been diagnosed and have already undergone treatment with denosumab therapy, curettage or excision, or radiotherapy frequently develop malignant transformation. A very uncommon occurrence involves a GCT of the bone that has always been malignant. Here, we describe the case of a 25-year-old man with a large cell tumor of the distal femur discovered after six months of symptom onset. The MRI suggested an aneurysmal bone cyst or subsequent modifications of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a GCT. A biopsy was performed, and the results pointed to a benign GCT of the bone. There were no pleomorphic or hyperchromatic lesions, unusual mitoses, or cellular atypia. The patient was treated with tumor removal and internal fixation using plate osteosynthesis two weeks later. The samples were sent for histopathology. The report was suggestive of osteogenic sarcoma or malignant transformation of the giant cell. This could happen due to the possibility of a biopsy sample being taken from an area not representative of the tumor site, which is not uncommon since the osteosarcoma also contains areas of conventional GCT. Thus, osteosarcoma usually mimics conventional GCT of the bone. Cureus 2022-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9886414/ /pubmed/36726918 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33173 Text en Copyright © 2022, Ahmed et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Pathology
Ahmed, Salahuddin
Deshpande, Sanjay V
Chhatbar, Kuldeep
Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
title Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
title_full Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
title_fullStr Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
title_short Osteosarcoma of the Distal Femur Presenting as Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Report
title_sort osteosarcoma of the distal femur presenting as giant cell tumor: a case report
topic Pathology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9886414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36726918
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33173
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