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Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND: Although the role of steroid hormones in lipid levels has been partly discussed in the context of separate sexes, the causal relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism according to sex has not been elucidated because of the limitations of observational studies. We assesse...

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Autores principales: Liang, Junzhi, Zhang, Bowen, Hu, Yannan, Na, Zhijing, Li, Da
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9886494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36726474
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1119154
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author Liang, Junzhi
Zhang, Bowen
Hu, Yannan
Na, Zhijing
Li, Da
author_facet Liang, Junzhi
Zhang, Bowen
Hu, Yannan
Na, Zhijing
Li, Da
author_sort Liang, Junzhi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Although the role of steroid hormones in lipid levels has been partly discussed in the context of separate sexes, the causal relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism according to sex has not been elucidated because of the limitations of observational studies. We assessed the relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism in separate sexes using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS: Instrumental variables for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), progesterone, estradiol, and androstenedione were selected. MR analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier tests. Cochran’s Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis were used for sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: The results showed that the three steroid hormones affected lipid metabolism and exhibited sex differences. In males, DHEAS was negatively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (P = 0.007; P = 0.006; P = 0.041, respectively), and progesterone was negatively correlated with TC and LDL-C (P = 0.019; P = 0.038, respectively). In females, DHEAS was negatively correlated with TC (P = 0.026) and androstenedione was negatively correlated with triglycerides and apolipoprotein A (P = 0.022; P = 0.009, respectively). No statistically significant association was observed between the estradiol levels and lipid metabolism in male or female participants. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings identified sex-specific causal networks between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism. Steroid hormones, including DHEAS, progesterone, and androstenedione, exhibited beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in both sexes; however, the specific lipid profiles affected by steroid hormones differed between the sexes.
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spelling pubmed-98864942023-01-31 Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study Liang, Junzhi Zhang, Bowen Hu, Yannan Na, Zhijing Li, Da Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology BACKGROUND: Although the role of steroid hormones in lipid levels has been partly discussed in the context of separate sexes, the causal relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism according to sex has not been elucidated because of the limitations of observational studies. We assessed the relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism in separate sexes using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS: Instrumental variables for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), progesterone, estradiol, and androstenedione were selected. MR analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier tests. Cochran’s Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis were used for sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: The results showed that the three steroid hormones affected lipid metabolism and exhibited sex differences. In males, DHEAS was negatively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (P = 0.007; P = 0.006; P = 0.041, respectively), and progesterone was negatively correlated with TC and LDL-C (P = 0.019; P = 0.038, respectively). In females, DHEAS was negatively correlated with TC (P = 0.026) and androstenedione was negatively correlated with triglycerides and apolipoprotein A (P = 0.022; P = 0.009, respectively). No statistically significant association was observed between the estradiol levels and lipid metabolism in male or female participants. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings identified sex-specific causal networks between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism. Steroid hormones, including DHEAS, progesterone, and androstenedione, exhibited beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in both sexes; however, the specific lipid profiles affected by steroid hormones differed between the sexes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9886494/ /pubmed/36726474 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1119154 Text en Copyright © 2023 Liang, Zhang, Hu, Na and Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Liang, Junzhi
Zhang, Bowen
Hu, Yannan
Na, Zhijing
Li, Da
Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study
title Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study
title_full Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study
title_fullStr Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study
title_full_unstemmed Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study
title_short Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study
title_sort effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: a mendelian randomization study
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9886494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36726474
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1119154
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