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Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study

Introduction Stroke places a huge burden on the socioeconomic systems. Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is the second most common type of stroke and the second leading cause of disability and death. The updated data on the prevalence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) stroke and related physiological risk fac...

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Autores principales: Almuklass, Awad M, Alawad, Yousef A, Alanazi, Abdulmalek S, Alamro, Azzam A, Alagedi, Faisal H, Alshehri, Yasser A, Masuadi, Emad, Alotaibi, Naser, Alkhateeb, Mahmoud
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9888596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36733545
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33236
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author Almuklass, Awad M
Alawad, Yousef A
Alanazi, Abdulmalek S
Alamro, Azzam A
Alagedi, Faisal H
Alshehri, Yasser A
Masuadi, Emad
Alotaibi, Naser
Alkhateeb, Mahmoud
author_facet Almuklass, Awad M
Alawad, Yousef A
Alanazi, Abdulmalek S
Alamro, Azzam A
Alagedi, Faisal H
Alshehri, Yasser A
Masuadi, Emad
Alotaibi, Naser
Alkhateeb, Mahmoud
author_sort Almuklass, Awad M
collection PubMed
description Introduction Stroke places a huge burden on the socioeconomic systems. Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is the second most common type of stroke and the second leading cause of disability and death. The updated data on the prevalence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) stroke and related physiological risk factors in Saudi Arabia were limited. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of ICH stroke and the related physiological risk factors. Methods This was a retrospective, hospital-based, and chart review study that utilized the BESTCare system at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients who attended the neurology department (inpatient/outpatient) between 2015 and 2020 were studied. The statistical tool JMP (JMP Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used for data entry and analysis. Results Patient data (N = 1,870, 58.6 ± 13.87 years old) were screened for comorbidities, hypertension (66.1%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (57.7%), hyperlipidemia (28.4%), and history of an old stroke (22.3%). Ischemic stroke (IS) was more dominant than ICH stroke with ratios of 94.5% (n = 1767) versus 5.5% (n = 103), respectively. The prevalence of ICH stroke among the patients (n = 103) was 10.6%, 20.3%, 24.2%, and 28.1% in the age groups of <40, 41-50, 51-60, and 61-70 years old, respectively. There was a significant gender effect on the distribution of both IS and ICH (p = 0.003). ICH strokes were more prevalent in males than in females. Body mass index (BMI) has no significant effect on the prevalence of IS and ICH stroke (p = 0.081). ICH stroke was significantly associated with DM (p = 0.032), hypertension (p = 0.01), and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.002). Regression analyses show that only hypertension (positive association) and hyperlipidemia (negative association) were significantly associated with the incidence of ICH stroke. Conclusion IS was more prevalent than ICH stroke. ICH strokes were more prevalent in males than in females. Also, hypertension was the most common factor leading to ICH stroke, unlike hyperlipidemia, which was revealed to be protective against ICH stroke.
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spelling pubmed-98885962023-02-01 Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study Almuklass, Awad M Alawad, Yousef A Alanazi, Abdulmalek S Alamro, Azzam A Alagedi, Faisal H Alshehri, Yasser A Masuadi, Emad Alotaibi, Naser Alkhateeb, Mahmoud Cureus Internal Medicine Introduction Stroke places a huge burden on the socioeconomic systems. Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is the second most common type of stroke and the second leading cause of disability and death. The updated data on the prevalence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) stroke and related physiological risk factors in Saudi Arabia were limited. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of ICH stroke and the related physiological risk factors. Methods This was a retrospective, hospital-based, and chart review study that utilized the BESTCare system at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients who attended the neurology department (inpatient/outpatient) between 2015 and 2020 were studied. The statistical tool JMP (JMP Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used for data entry and analysis. Results Patient data (N = 1,870, 58.6 ± 13.87 years old) were screened for comorbidities, hypertension (66.1%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (57.7%), hyperlipidemia (28.4%), and history of an old stroke (22.3%). Ischemic stroke (IS) was more dominant than ICH stroke with ratios of 94.5% (n = 1767) versus 5.5% (n = 103), respectively. The prevalence of ICH stroke among the patients (n = 103) was 10.6%, 20.3%, 24.2%, and 28.1% in the age groups of <40, 41-50, 51-60, and 61-70 years old, respectively. There was a significant gender effect on the distribution of both IS and ICH (p = 0.003). ICH strokes were more prevalent in males than in females. Body mass index (BMI) has no significant effect on the prevalence of IS and ICH stroke (p = 0.081). ICH stroke was significantly associated with DM (p = 0.032), hypertension (p = 0.01), and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.002). Regression analyses show that only hypertension (positive association) and hyperlipidemia (negative association) were significantly associated with the incidence of ICH stroke. Conclusion IS was more prevalent than ICH stroke. ICH strokes were more prevalent in males than in females. Also, hypertension was the most common factor leading to ICH stroke, unlike hyperlipidemia, which was revealed to be protective against ICH stroke. Cureus 2023-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9888596/ /pubmed/36733545 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33236 Text en Copyright © 2023, Almuklass et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Almuklass, Awad M
Alawad, Yousef A
Alanazi, Abdulmalek S
Alamro, Azzam A
Alagedi, Faisal H
Alshehri, Yasser A
Masuadi, Emad
Alotaibi, Naser
Alkhateeb, Mahmoud
Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study
title Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study
title_full Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study
title_fullStr Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study
title_full_unstemmed Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study
title_short Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension Are Associated With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Incidence: A Retrospective Study
title_sort hyperlipidemia and hypertension are associated with intracerebral hemorrhage incidence: a retrospective study
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9888596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36733545
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33236
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