The association of diabetes status and bone mineral density among US adults: evidence from NHANES 2005–2018

BACKGROUNDS: We aimed to explore the relationship between diabetes status and bone mineral density (BMD) among adults with pre-diabetes and diabetes. METHODS: We collected and analyzed five cycles (2005–2006, 2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2013–2014, and 2017–2018) data from NHANES. We removed the individuals containing missing values. The linear regression models were used to explore the relationship between diabetes status and bone mineral density. Finally, we performed subgroup analyzes by age, sex and race to find special populations. RESULT: Finally, 9661 participants with complete data were involved in the study. 944 were diagnosed with pre-diabetes, and 2043 were with diabetes. We found that bone mineral density in the hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine showed an upward trend in both prediabetic and diabetic patients in the three linear regression models. Further, after subgroup analysis, we found that this trend was more prominent in whites race, women, and those over 50 years old. CONCLUSION: Using NHANES data from 2005 to 2018, we found that patients with abnormal glucose metabolism had increased bone mineral density.