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Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic

OBJECTIVE: Graves disease (GD), an autoimmune disease of the thyroid, is likely caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Recent data suggest that COVID-19 may be associated with the development of autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to assess the incide...

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Autores principales: Donner, Julia R., Has, Phinnara, Topor, Lisa Swartz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9892249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36736538
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2023.01.011
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author Donner, Julia R.
Has, Phinnara
Topor, Lisa Swartz
author_facet Donner, Julia R.
Has, Phinnara
Topor, Lisa Swartz
author_sort Donner, Julia R.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Graves disease (GD), an autoimmune disease of the thyroid, is likely caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Recent data suggest that COVID-19 may be associated with the development of autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and characteristics of new GD diagnoses in youth prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all new GD diagnoses in patients aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed at a tertiary care pediatric hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. RESULTS: Over a 4-year period, 51 patients had been diagnosed with new-onset GD. We observed an increased incidence in new-onset GD during the pandemic compared with that in the 2 prior years (P = .01). During the pandemic period, heart rates (P = .03) as well as systolic (P = .005) and diastolic (P = .01) blood pressures were higher at initial evaluation, patients more frequently reported palpitations (P = .03) and tremors (P = .04), and an increased proportion of patients required beta-blockade treatment at diagnosis (P = .002). The percentage of patients requiring thionamide treatment and thionamide doses had been similar over time. CONCLUSION: We identified an increase in new-onset pediatric GD diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, youths had increased severity of symptoms and more frequently required beta-blockade treatment at diagnosis. Further study of the relationship between COVID-19 and autoimmune thyroid disease is needed.
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spelling pubmed-98922492023-02-02 Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic Donner, Julia R. Has, Phinnara Topor, Lisa Swartz Endocr Pract Original Article OBJECTIVE: Graves disease (GD), an autoimmune disease of the thyroid, is likely caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Recent data suggest that COVID-19 may be associated with the development of autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and characteristics of new GD diagnoses in youth prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all new GD diagnoses in patients aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed at a tertiary care pediatric hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. RESULTS: Over a 4-year period, 51 patients had been diagnosed with new-onset GD. We observed an increased incidence in new-onset GD during the pandemic compared with that in the 2 prior years (P = .01). During the pandemic period, heart rates (P = .03) as well as systolic (P = .005) and diastolic (P = .01) blood pressures were higher at initial evaluation, patients more frequently reported palpitations (P = .03) and tremors (P = .04), and an increased proportion of patients required beta-blockade treatment at diagnosis (P = .002). The percentage of patients requiring thionamide treatment and thionamide doses had been similar over time. CONCLUSION: We identified an increase in new-onset pediatric GD diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, youths had increased severity of symptoms and more frequently required beta-blockade treatment at diagnosis. Further study of the relationship between COVID-19 and autoimmune thyroid disease is needed. AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. 2023-05 2023-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9892249/ /pubmed/36736538 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2023.01.011 Text en © 2023 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Original Article
Donner, Julia R.
Has, Phinnara
Topor, Lisa Swartz
Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short Increased Incidence and Severity of New Graves Disease Diagnoses in Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort increased incidence and severity of new graves disease diagnoses in youth during the covid-19 pandemic
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9892249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36736538
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2023.01.011
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