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Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins

[Image: see text] Despite current knowledge showing that fruits like tomato and grape berries accumulate different components of the light reactions and Calvin cycle, the role of green tissues in fruits is not yet fully understood. In mature tomato fruits, chlorophylls are degraded and replaced by c...

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Autores principales: Teixeira, António, Noronha, Henrique, Frusciante, Sarah, Diretto, Gianfranco, Gerós, Hernâni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2023
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9896546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36652329
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07207
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author Teixeira, António
Noronha, Henrique
Frusciante, Sarah
Diretto, Gianfranco
Gerós, Hernâni
author_facet Teixeira, António
Noronha, Henrique
Frusciante, Sarah
Diretto, Gianfranco
Gerós, Hernâni
author_sort Teixeira, António
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Despite current knowledge showing that fruits like tomato and grape berries accumulate different components of the light reactions and Calvin cycle, the role of green tissues in fruits is not yet fully understood. In mature tomato fruits, chlorophylls are degraded and replaced by carotenoids through the conversion of chloroplasts in chromoplasts, while in red grape berries, chloroplasts persist at maturity and chlorophylls are masked by anthocyanins. To study isoprenoid and lipid metabolism in grape skin chloroplasts, metabolites of enriched organelle fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) and the expression of key genes was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in berry skins and leaves. Overall, the results indicated that chloroplasts of the grape berry skins, as with leaf chloroplasts, share conserved mechanisms of synthesis (and degradation) of important components of the photosynthetic machinery. Some of these components, such as chlorophylls and their precursors, and catabolites, carotenoids, quinones, and lipids have important roles in grape and wine sensory characteristics.
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spelling pubmed-98965462023-02-04 Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins Teixeira, António Noronha, Henrique Frusciante, Sarah Diretto, Gianfranco Gerós, Hernâni J Agric Food Chem [Image: see text] Despite current knowledge showing that fruits like tomato and grape berries accumulate different components of the light reactions and Calvin cycle, the role of green tissues in fruits is not yet fully understood. In mature tomato fruits, chlorophylls are degraded and replaced by carotenoids through the conversion of chloroplasts in chromoplasts, while in red grape berries, chloroplasts persist at maturity and chlorophylls are masked by anthocyanins. To study isoprenoid and lipid metabolism in grape skin chloroplasts, metabolites of enriched organelle fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) and the expression of key genes was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in berry skins and leaves. Overall, the results indicated that chloroplasts of the grape berry skins, as with leaf chloroplasts, share conserved mechanisms of synthesis (and degradation) of important components of the photosynthetic machinery. Some of these components, such as chlorophylls and their precursors, and catabolites, carotenoids, quinones, and lipids have important roles in grape and wine sensory characteristics. American Chemical Society 2023-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9896546/ /pubmed/36652329 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07207 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Teixeira, António
Noronha, Henrique
Frusciante, Sarah
Diretto, Gianfranco
Gerós, Hernâni
Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins
title Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins
title_full Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins
title_fullStr Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins
title_full_unstemmed Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins
title_short Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll and Other Isoprenoids in the Plastid of Red Grape Berry Skins
title_sort biosynthesis of chlorophyll and other isoprenoids in the plastid of red grape berry skins
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9896546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36652329
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07207
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