Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is a rare presentation of herpes zoster in children; however, it may become chronic and debilitating. The pathophysiology of HZO complications is not completely understood and may include virus virulence, vascular and neural inflammation and immune reactivity. Theref...

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Autores principales: Keramida, Paraskevi, Antoniadi, Marita, Archimandritou, Eugenia, Kostaridou, Stavroula, Koletsi, Patra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Ophthalmology
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9897126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36751223
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33352
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author Keramida, Paraskevi
Antoniadi, Marita
Archimandritou, Eugenia
Kostaridou, Stavroula
Koletsi, Patra
author_facet Keramida, Paraskevi
Antoniadi, Marita
Archimandritou, Eugenia
Kostaridou, Stavroula
Koletsi, Patra
author_sort Keramida, Paraskevi
collection PubMed
description Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is a rare presentation of herpes zoster in children; however, it may become chronic and debilitating. The pathophysiology of HZO complications is not completely understood and may include virus virulence, vascular and neural inflammation and immune reactivity. Therefore, clinical experts suggest an antiviral agent combined with topical steroids, but treatment duration and the need for secondary prophylaxis, given the likelihood of recurrence, are not clearly defined. We present a complex case of HZO in a varicella zoster virus (VZV)-vaccinated toddler successfully treated with acyclovir and topical steroids. We also present a review of the relevant literature regarding the therapeutic management and long-term sequelae of HZO in children.
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spelling pubmed-98971262023-02-06 Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children Keramida, Paraskevi Antoniadi, Marita Archimandritou, Eugenia Kostaridou, Stavroula Koletsi, Patra Cureus Ophthalmology Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is a rare presentation of herpes zoster in children; however, it may become chronic and debilitating. The pathophysiology of HZO complications is not completely understood and may include virus virulence, vascular and neural inflammation and immune reactivity. Therefore, clinical experts suggest an antiviral agent combined with topical steroids, but treatment duration and the need for secondary prophylaxis, given the likelihood of recurrence, are not clearly defined. We present a complex case of HZO in a varicella zoster virus (VZV)-vaccinated toddler successfully treated with acyclovir and topical steroids. We also present a review of the relevant literature regarding the therapeutic management and long-term sequelae of HZO in children. Cureus 2023-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9897126/ /pubmed/36751223 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33352 Text en Copyright © 2023, Keramida et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Ophthalmology
Keramida, Paraskevi
Antoniadi, Marita
Archimandritou, Eugenia
Kostaridou, Stavroula
Koletsi, Patra
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children
title Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children
title_full Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children
title_fullStr Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children
title_full_unstemmed Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children
title_short Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in a Healthy Toddler Fully Immunized Against Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report and Review of Treatment Strategies in Children
title_sort herpes zoster ophthalmicus in a healthy toddler fully immunized against varicella-zoster virus: a case report and review of treatment strategies in children
topic Ophthalmology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9897126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36751223
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33352
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