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Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population

BACKGROUND: Low serum sodium may be associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in the general population, but the data remain inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of low serum sodium with cognitive function and incident dementia in the general population. METHODS: Pa...

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Autores principales: van der Burgh, Anna C, Pelouto, Anissa, Mooldijk, Sanne S, Zandbergen, Adrienne A M, Ikram, M Arfan, Chaker, Layal, Hoorn, Ewout J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9897300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36735846
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afad007
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author van der Burgh, Anna C
Pelouto, Anissa
Mooldijk, Sanne S
Zandbergen, Adrienne A M
Ikram, M Arfan
Chaker, Layal
Hoorn, Ewout J
author_facet van der Burgh, Anna C
Pelouto, Anissa
Mooldijk, Sanne S
Zandbergen, Adrienne A M
Ikram, M Arfan
Chaker, Layal
Hoorn, Ewout J
author_sort van der Burgh, Anna C
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Low serum sodium may be associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in the general population, but the data remain inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of low serum sodium with cognitive function and incident dementia in the general population. METHODS: Participants from a prospective population-based cohort were eligible if data on serum sodium (collected between 1997 and 2008), dementia prevalence and dementia incidence were available (follow-up until 2018). Global cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the general cognitive factor (G-factor, derived from principal component analysis of individual tests). Linear regression and Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess associations of standardised continuous and categorised low serum sodium (mean − 1.96*SD: cut-off of 137 mmol/L) with overall cognitive function and incident dementia, respectively. RESULTS: In all, 8,028 participants free of dementia at baseline (mean age 63.6 years, 57% female, serum sodium 142 ± 2 mmol/L), including 217 participants with low serum sodium, were included. Cross-sectionally, continuous serum sodium and/or low serum sodium were not associated with the MMSE or G-factor. However, participants with low serum sodium performed worse on the Stroop and Purdue Pegboard tests. During a median follow-up of 10.7 years, 758 subjects developed dementia. Continuous serum sodium (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92;1.05) and low serum sodium (HR 1.27, 95% CI 0.90;1.79) were not associated with a higher risk of incident dementia. CONCLUSION: We identified no significant associations of low serum sodium with overall cognitive functioning and risk of dementia. However, low serum sodium—including levels above the clinical cut-off for hyponatremia—was associated with impairments in selected cognitive domains including attention and psychomotor function.
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spelling pubmed-98973002023-02-06 Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population van der Burgh, Anna C Pelouto, Anissa Mooldijk, Sanne S Zandbergen, Adrienne A M Ikram, M Arfan Chaker, Layal Hoorn, Ewout J Age Ageing Research Paper BACKGROUND: Low serum sodium may be associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in the general population, but the data remain inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of low serum sodium with cognitive function and incident dementia in the general population. METHODS: Participants from a prospective population-based cohort were eligible if data on serum sodium (collected between 1997 and 2008), dementia prevalence and dementia incidence were available (follow-up until 2018). Global cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the general cognitive factor (G-factor, derived from principal component analysis of individual tests). Linear regression and Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess associations of standardised continuous and categorised low serum sodium (mean − 1.96*SD: cut-off of 137 mmol/L) with overall cognitive function and incident dementia, respectively. RESULTS: In all, 8,028 participants free of dementia at baseline (mean age 63.6 years, 57% female, serum sodium 142 ± 2 mmol/L), including 217 participants with low serum sodium, were included. Cross-sectionally, continuous serum sodium and/or low serum sodium were not associated with the MMSE or G-factor. However, participants with low serum sodium performed worse on the Stroop and Purdue Pegboard tests. During a median follow-up of 10.7 years, 758 subjects developed dementia. Continuous serum sodium (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92;1.05) and low serum sodium (HR 1.27, 95% CI 0.90;1.79) were not associated with a higher risk of incident dementia. CONCLUSION: We identified no significant associations of low serum sodium with overall cognitive functioning and risk of dementia. However, low serum sodium—including levels above the clinical cut-off for hyponatremia—was associated with impairments in selected cognitive domains including attention and psychomotor function. Oxford University Press 2023-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9897300/ /pubmed/36735846 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afad007 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Research Paper
van der Burgh, Anna C
Pelouto, Anissa
Mooldijk, Sanne S
Zandbergen, Adrienne A M
Ikram, M Arfan
Chaker, Layal
Hoorn, Ewout J
Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
title Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
title_full Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
title_fullStr Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
title_full_unstemmed Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
title_short Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
title_sort serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9897300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36735846
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afad007
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