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Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?

BACKGROUND: Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) uses at least one electrode placed on the mastoid process with one or multiple placed over other head areas to stimulate the vestibular system. The exact electrode size used is not given much importance in the literature and has not been reported in...

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Autores principales: Truong, Dennis Q., Guillen, Alexander, Nooristani, Mujda, Maheu, Maxime, Champoux, Francois, Datta, Abhishek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9897567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36735686
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273883
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author Truong, Dennis Q.
Guillen, Alexander
Nooristani, Mujda
Maheu, Maxime
Champoux, Francois
Datta, Abhishek
author_facet Truong, Dennis Q.
Guillen, Alexander
Nooristani, Mujda
Maheu, Maxime
Champoux, Francois
Datta, Abhishek
author_sort Truong, Dennis Q.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) uses at least one electrode placed on the mastoid process with one or multiple placed over other head areas to stimulate the vestibular system. The exact electrode size used is not given much importance in the literature and has not been reported in several studies. In a previous study, we compared the clinical effects of using different electrode sizes (3 cm(2) and 35 cm(2)) with placebo but with the same injected current, on postural control. We observed significant improvement using the smaller size electrode but not with the bigger size electrode. The goal of this study was to simulate the current flow patterns with the intent to shed light and potentially explain the experimental outcome. METHODS: We used an ultra-high-resolution structural dataset and developed a model to simulate the application of different electrode sizes. We considered current flow in the brain and in the vestibular labyrinth. RESULTS: Our simulation results verified the focality increase using smaller electrodes that we postulated as the main reason for our clinical effect. The use of smaller size electrodes in combination with the montage employed also result in higher induced electric field (E-field) in the brain. CONCLUSIONS: Electrode size and related current density is a critical parameter to characterize any GVS administration as the choice impacts the induced E-field. It is evident that the higher induced E-field likely contributed to the clinical outcome reported in our prior study.
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spelling pubmed-98975672023-02-04 Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter? Truong, Dennis Q. Guillen, Alexander Nooristani, Mujda Maheu, Maxime Champoux, Francois Datta, Abhishek PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) uses at least one electrode placed on the mastoid process with one or multiple placed over other head areas to stimulate the vestibular system. The exact electrode size used is not given much importance in the literature and has not been reported in several studies. In a previous study, we compared the clinical effects of using different electrode sizes (3 cm(2) and 35 cm(2)) with placebo but with the same injected current, on postural control. We observed significant improvement using the smaller size electrode but not with the bigger size electrode. The goal of this study was to simulate the current flow patterns with the intent to shed light and potentially explain the experimental outcome. METHODS: We used an ultra-high-resolution structural dataset and developed a model to simulate the application of different electrode sizes. We considered current flow in the brain and in the vestibular labyrinth. RESULTS: Our simulation results verified the focality increase using smaller electrodes that we postulated as the main reason for our clinical effect. The use of smaller size electrodes in combination with the montage employed also result in higher induced electric field (E-field) in the brain. CONCLUSIONS: Electrode size and related current density is a critical parameter to characterize any GVS administration as the choice impacts the induced E-field. It is evident that the higher induced E-field likely contributed to the clinical outcome reported in our prior study. Public Library of Science 2023-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9897567/ /pubmed/36735686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273883 Text en © 2023 Truong et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Truong, Dennis Q.
Guillen, Alexander
Nooristani, Mujda
Maheu, Maxime
Champoux, Francois
Datta, Abhishek
Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
title Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
title_full Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
title_fullStr Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
title_full_unstemmed Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
title_short Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
title_sort impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: does electrode size matter?
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9897567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36735686
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273883
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