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Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: To summarize the cytokine/chemokine levels of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E) and explore the potential role of these molecules and immune cells in the pathogenic mechanism. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched...

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Autores principales: Ma, Yushan, Wang, Jierui, Guo, Shuo, Meng, Zirui, Ren, Yan, Xie, Yi, Wang, Minjin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9903132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36761173
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1064007
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author Ma, Yushan
Wang, Jierui
Guo, Shuo
Meng, Zirui
Ren, Yan
Xie, Yi
Wang, Minjin
author_facet Ma, Yushan
Wang, Jierui
Guo, Shuo
Meng, Zirui
Ren, Yan
Xie, Yi
Wang, Minjin
author_sort Ma, Yushan
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To summarize the cytokine/chemokine levels of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E) and explore the potential role of these molecules and immune cells in the pathogenic mechanism. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for various articles that assessed the concentrations of cytokines/chemokines in the unstimulated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum of patients with NMDAR-E in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by Stata17.0. RESULTS: A total of 19 articles were included in the systematic review from 260 candidate papers, and cytokine/chemokine levels reported in the CSF/serum were examined in each article. This meta-analysis included 17 eligible studies comprising 579 patients with NMDAR-E, 367 patients with noninflammatory neurological disorders, and 42 healthy controls from China, Spain, South Korea, Australia, Czechia, and Sweden. The results indicated that the levels of different cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-17 and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)10 in the CSF were significantly higher in NMDAR-E patients with a large effect size. In addition, B cell activating factor (BAFF), CXCL13, and interferon (IFN)-γ levels in the CSF were higher in NMDAR-E patients with a middle effect size. In contrast, levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in the CSF and CXCL13 and BAFF in the serum did not show a significant difference between cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS: These analyses showed that the central immune response in NMDAR-E is a process that involves multiple immune cell interactions mediated by cytokines/chemokines, and T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of immunity. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022342485).
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spelling pubmed-99031322023-02-08 Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis Ma, Yushan Wang, Jierui Guo, Shuo Meng, Zirui Ren, Yan Xie, Yi Wang, Minjin Front Immunol Immunology OBJECTIVES: To summarize the cytokine/chemokine levels of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E) and explore the potential role of these molecules and immune cells in the pathogenic mechanism. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for various articles that assessed the concentrations of cytokines/chemokines in the unstimulated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum of patients with NMDAR-E in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by Stata17.0. RESULTS: A total of 19 articles were included in the systematic review from 260 candidate papers, and cytokine/chemokine levels reported in the CSF/serum were examined in each article. This meta-analysis included 17 eligible studies comprising 579 patients with NMDAR-E, 367 patients with noninflammatory neurological disorders, and 42 healthy controls from China, Spain, South Korea, Australia, Czechia, and Sweden. The results indicated that the levels of different cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-17 and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)10 in the CSF were significantly higher in NMDAR-E patients with a large effect size. In addition, B cell activating factor (BAFF), CXCL13, and interferon (IFN)-γ levels in the CSF were higher in NMDAR-E patients with a middle effect size. In contrast, levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in the CSF and CXCL13 and BAFF in the serum did not show a significant difference between cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS: These analyses showed that the central immune response in NMDAR-E is a process that involves multiple immune cell interactions mediated by cytokines/chemokines, and T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of immunity. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022342485). Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9903132/ /pubmed/36761173 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1064007 Text en Copyright © 2023 Ma, Wang, Guo, Meng, Ren, Xie and Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Ma, Yushan
Wang, Jierui
Guo, Shuo
Meng, Zirui
Ren, Yan
Xie, Yi
Wang, Minjin
Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Cytokine/chemokine levels in the CSF and serum of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort cytokine/chemokine levels in the csf and serum of anti-nmdar encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9903132/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36761173
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1064007
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