Home-built environment interventions and inflammation biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BACKGROUND: Inflammation control is a fundamental part of chronic care in patients with a history of cancer and comorbidity. As the risk–benefit profile of anti-inflammatory drugs is unclear in survivors of cancer, GPs and patients could benefit from alternative non-pharmacological treatment options for dysregulated inflammation. There is a potential for home-built environment (H-BE) interventions to modulate inflammation; however, discrepancies exist between studies. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of H-BE interventions on cancer-associated inflammation biomarkers. DESIGN & SETTING: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised trials in community-dwelling adults. METHOD: PubMed and MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar will be searched for clinical trials published in January 2000 onwards. The study will include H-BE interventions modifying air quality, thermal comfort, non-ionising radiation, noise, nature, and water. No restrictions to study population will be applied to allow deriving expectations for effects of the interventions in cancer survivors from available source populations. Outcome measures will be inflammatory biomarkers clinically and physiologically relevant to cancer. The first reviewer will independently screen articles together with GPs and extract data that will be verified by a second reviewer. The quality of studies will be assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. Depending on the clinical and methodological homogeneity of populations, interventions, and outcomes, a meta-analysis will be conducted using random-effects models. CONCLUSION: Findings will determine the effectiveness of H-BE interventions on inflammatory parameters, guide future directions for its provision in community-dwelling survivors of cancer and support GPs with safer anti-inflammatory treatment options in high-risk patients for clinical complications.