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Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system
BACKGROUND: Trichoderma viride are well known for their biocontrol capabilities, but little is known about how they stimulate plant development and increase their resistance to salt stress. One of the main abiotic factors limiting crop development and yield is salt stress. Therefore, the purpose of...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Nature Singapore
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9908811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36754898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00368-x |
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author | Metwally, Rabab A. Soliman, Shereen A. |
author_facet | Metwally, Rabab A. Soliman, Shereen A. |
author_sort | Metwally, Rabab A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Trichoderma viride are well known for their biocontrol capabilities, but little is known about how they stimulate plant development and increase their resistance to salt stress. One of the main abiotic factors limiting crop development and yield is salt stress. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to ascertain how NaCl effects on T. viride growth as well as on the seedlings morphological and physio-biochemical parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under plate culture conditions. Additionally, a pot experiment was conducted to determine how T. viride affected the development characteristics of tomato plants subjected to various salt concentrations (50 and 100 mM NaCl). T. viride's contribution to tomato seedling stress tolerance was also closely examined. RESULTS: Results showed that 100 mM NaCl decreased the colony diameter of T. viride by 13.4% compared to the control. Under plate and greenhouse conditions, tomato seedlings exposed to salt exposure exhibited an overall decline in growth. Also, a reduction in relative water content (RWC) and protein contents occurred under salt stress. At the same time, increases were found in proline, total phenolics, flavonoids, H(2)O(2) content, malondialdehyde, likewise the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes. Even though, with T. viride application, the salt negative effects on both morphological and physio-biochemical parameters were mitigated to a greater extent. T. viride increased proline and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in tomato seedlings at 100 mM NaCl by an average of 20.66 and 43.82% compared to their comparable control. T. viride increased the activities of CAT, PPO, and APX enzymes by 74.6, 58.48, and 61.61% at 50 mM NaCl compared to non-saline control seedlings. As well, T. viride decreased MDA and H(2)O(2) contents by an average of 14 and 24.8% in tomato seedlings at 50 mM NaCl compared to their comparable control. Also, under 100 mM NaCl, the T. viride-treated tomato seedlings showed increased total phenolics (17.85%) and flavonoids (33.17%) compared to non- treated one. CONCLUSION: Hence, our research sheds new insight on the pathways by which T. viride can boost tomato seedling tolerance to salt stress at morphological and physio-biochemical levels by activating both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9908811 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer Nature Singapore |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99088112023-02-10 Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system Metwally, Rabab A. Soliman, Shereen A. Bot Stud Original Article BACKGROUND: Trichoderma viride are well known for their biocontrol capabilities, but little is known about how they stimulate plant development and increase their resistance to salt stress. One of the main abiotic factors limiting crop development and yield is salt stress. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to ascertain how NaCl effects on T. viride growth as well as on the seedlings morphological and physio-biochemical parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under plate culture conditions. Additionally, a pot experiment was conducted to determine how T. viride affected the development characteristics of tomato plants subjected to various salt concentrations (50 and 100 mM NaCl). T. viride's contribution to tomato seedling stress tolerance was also closely examined. RESULTS: Results showed that 100 mM NaCl decreased the colony diameter of T. viride by 13.4% compared to the control. Under plate and greenhouse conditions, tomato seedlings exposed to salt exposure exhibited an overall decline in growth. Also, a reduction in relative water content (RWC) and protein contents occurred under salt stress. At the same time, increases were found in proline, total phenolics, flavonoids, H(2)O(2) content, malondialdehyde, likewise the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes. Even though, with T. viride application, the salt negative effects on both morphological and physio-biochemical parameters were mitigated to a greater extent. T. viride increased proline and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in tomato seedlings at 100 mM NaCl by an average of 20.66 and 43.82% compared to their comparable control. T. viride increased the activities of CAT, PPO, and APX enzymes by 74.6, 58.48, and 61.61% at 50 mM NaCl compared to non-saline control seedlings. As well, T. viride decreased MDA and H(2)O(2) contents by an average of 14 and 24.8% in tomato seedlings at 50 mM NaCl compared to their comparable control. Also, under 100 mM NaCl, the T. viride-treated tomato seedlings showed increased total phenolics (17.85%) and flavonoids (33.17%) compared to non- treated one. CONCLUSION: Hence, our research sheds new insight on the pathways by which T. viride can boost tomato seedling tolerance to salt stress at morphological and physio-biochemical levels by activating both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems. Springer Nature Singapore 2023-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9908811/ /pubmed/36754898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00368-x Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Metwally, Rabab A. Soliman, Shereen A. Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
title | Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
title_full | Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
title_fullStr | Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
title_full_unstemmed | Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
title_short | Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
title_sort | alleviation of the adverse effects of nacl stress on tomato seedlings (solanum lycopersicum l.) by trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9908811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36754898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00368-x |
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