Spontaneous cesarean scar dehiscence during pregnancy: A case report and review of the literature

Worldwide, the incidence of cesarean sections has increased. Cesarean scar dehiscence, in which the scar tissue from the prior cesarean section is disrupted and separated, is one of the most significant complications of cesarean deliveries. Spontaneous cesarean scar dehiscence is among rare obstetric events. It carries catastrophic fetal and maternal complications. Timing of occurrence, screening, diagnosis, and obstetrics management in the current and subsequent pregnancies are full of controversies. Here, we present a case of spontaneous cesarean scar dehiscence in a patient who had an inter-pregnancy interval of only 4 months. We present the case of spontaneous cesarean scar dehiscence during pregnancy in a 30-year-old patient from western Ethiopia. She got pregnant after 4 months of previous cesarean delivery. Currently, she presented to the hospital with previous two cesarean scars and a term pregnancy. Intraoperative findings showed separation of the uterine wall which is covered by only fetal membranes. After delivering the fetus and placenta, the uterus was repaired in two layers. The patient had a smooth postoperative course and was discharged on the fifth day with appropriate counseling. During pregnancy, there is a chance of spontaneous cesarean scar dehiscence. Therefore, it is essential to properly assess pregnant mothers who have had a previous cesarean scar. If the cesarean scar dehiscence is diagnosed before the elective cesarean section, the obstetrician should get prepared to prevent potential complications.