Identification of key biomarkers and immune infiltration in the thoracic acute aortic dissection by bioinformatics analysis

BACKGROUND: Thoracic acute aortic dissection (TAAD), one of the most fatal cardiovascular diseases, leads to sudden death, however, its mechanism remains unclear. METHODS: Three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets were employed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A similar function and co-expression network was identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, random forest, and support vector machines-recursive feature elimination were utilized to filter diagnostic TAAD markers, and then screened markers were validated by quantitative real-time PCR and another independent dataset. CIBERSORT was deployed to analyze and evaluate immune cell infiltration in TAAD tissues. RESULTS: Twenty-five DEGs were identified and narrowed down to three after screening. Finally, two genes, SLC11A1 and FGL2, were verified by another dataset and qRT-PCR. Function analysis revealed that SLC11A1 and FGL2 play significant roles in immune-inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION: SLC11A1 and FGL2 are differently expressed in aortic dissection and may be involved in immune-inflammatory responses. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-023-03110-4.