Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma containing spindle cells with sarcomatoid features: a case report with literature review

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is an uncommon benign neoplasm originated from pneumocyte and PSP with malignant transformation is extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of PSP of a 65-year-old male patient presented as a lobulated mass in the upper lobe of the left lung, in which part of the stromal round cells transformed to spindle cells with sarcomatoid features and showed no specific differentiation. The patient underwent partial lobectomy without further treatment. No recurrence and metastasis was found after eight month’s follow up. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first case of PSP with sarcomatoid malignant transformation devoid of differentiation. Our case adds the evidence in that a subset of PSP bear malignant potential and more studies are needed in order to determine the treatment and prognosis to such patients.