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Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is associated with at least 1% of global cancers including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Studies on the molecular epidemiology of EBV should improve the understanding of NPC prognosis. Retrospectively, we collected demographic and clinical data for 146 NPC...

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Autores principales: Al-Anazi, Abdullah E., Alanazi, Bader S., Alshanbari, Huda M., Masuadi, Emad, Hamed, Maaweya E., Dandachi, Iman, Alkathiri, Abdulrahman, Hanif, Atif, Nour, Islam, Fatani, Hanadi, Alsaran, Hadel, AlKhareeb, Fahad, Al Zahrani, Ali, Alsharm, Abdullah A., Eifan, Saleh, Alosaimi, Bandar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9913071/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36765601
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030643
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author Al-Anazi, Abdullah E.
Alanazi, Bader S.
Alshanbari, Huda M.
Masuadi, Emad
Hamed, Maaweya E.
Dandachi, Iman
Alkathiri, Abdulrahman
Hanif, Atif
Nour, Islam
Fatani, Hanadi
Alsaran, Hadel
AlKhareeb, Fahad
Al Zahrani, Ali
Alsharm, Abdullah A.
Eifan, Saleh
Alosaimi, Bandar
author_facet Al-Anazi, Abdullah E.
Alanazi, Bader S.
Alshanbari, Huda M.
Masuadi, Emad
Hamed, Maaweya E.
Dandachi, Iman
Alkathiri, Abdulrahman
Hanif, Atif
Nour, Islam
Fatani, Hanadi
Alsaran, Hadel
AlKhareeb, Fahad
Al Zahrani, Ali
Alsharm, Abdullah A.
Eifan, Saleh
Alosaimi, Bandar
author_sort Al-Anazi, Abdullah E.
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is associated with at least 1% of global cancers including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Studies on the molecular epidemiology of EBV should improve the understanding of NPC prognosis. Retrospectively, we collected demographic and clinical data for 146 NPC patients over a 6-year period between 2015 and 2020. We found a high prevalence of 96% of EBV infection in NPC patients with a predominance of genotype I detected in 73% of NPC samples. Although NPC had metastasized to 16% of body sites, it was not associated with EBV infection, except for lungs. Three-quarters of NPC patients were in the advanced stages of cancer and the overall survival (OS) mean time was 5.59 years. We found an increased prevalence of EBV infection in NPC patients higher than previously thought with a predominance of EBV genotype I. A future multi-center study with a larger sample size is needed to assess the true burden of EBV-associated NPC. ABSTRACT: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is implicated in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and currently associated with at least 1% of global cancers. The differential prognosis analysis of NPC in EBV genotypes remains to be elucidated. Medical, radiological, pathological, and laboratory reports of 146 NPC patients were collected retrospectively over a 6-year period between 2015 and 2020. From the pathology archives, DNA was extracted from tumor blocks and used for EBV nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA-3C) genotyping by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found a high prevalence of 96% of EBV infection in NPC patients with a predominance of genotype I detected in 73% of NPC samples. Histopathological examination showed that most of the NPC patients were in the advanced stages of cancer: stage III (38.4%) or stage IV-B (37.7%). Only keratinized squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher in EBV negative NPC patients compared with those who were EBV positive (OR = 0.01, 95%CI = (0.004–0.32; p = 0.009)), whereas the majority of patients (91.8%) had undifferentiated, non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, followed by differentiated, non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (7.5%). Although NPC had metastasized to 16% of other body sites, it was not associated with EBV infection, except for lung metastasis. A statistically significant reverse association was observed between EBV infection and lung metastasis (OR = 0.07, 95%CI = (0.01–0.51; p = 0.008)). Although 13% of NPC patients died, the overall survival (OS) mean time was 5.59 years. Given the high prevalence of EBV-associated NPC in our population, Saudi could be considered as an area with a high incidence of EBV-associated NPC with a predominance of EBV genotype I. A future multi-center study with a larger sample size is needed to assess the true burden of EBV-associated NPC in Saudi Arabia.
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spelling pubmed-99130712023-02-11 Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study Al-Anazi, Abdullah E. Alanazi, Bader S. Alshanbari, Huda M. Masuadi, Emad Hamed, Maaweya E. Dandachi, Iman Alkathiri, Abdulrahman Hanif, Atif Nour, Islam Fatani, Hanadi Alsaran, Hadel AlKhareeb, Fahad Al Zahrani, Ali Alsharm, Abdullah A. Eifan, Saleh Alosaimi, Bandar Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is associated with at least 1% of global cancers including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Studies on the molecular epidemiology of EBV should improve the understanding of NPC prognosis. Retrospectively, we collected demographic and clinical data for 146 NPC patients over a 6-year period between 2015 and 2020. We found a high prevalence of 96% of EBV infection in NPC patients with a predominance of genotype I detected in 73% of NPC samples. Although NPC had metastasized to 16% of body sites, it was not associated with EBV infection, except for lungs. Three-quarters of NPC patients were in the advanced stages of cancer and the overall survival (OS) mean time was 5.59 years. We found an increased prevalence of EBV infection in NPC patients higher than previously thought with a predominance of EBV genotype I. A future multi-center study with a larger sample size is needed to assess the true burden of EBV-associated NPC. ABSTRACT: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is implicated in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and currently associated with at least 1% of global cancers. The differential prognosis analysis of NPC in EBV genotypes remains to be elucidated. Medical, radiological, pathological, and laboratory reports of 146 NPC patients were collected retrospectively over a 6-year period between 2015 and 2020. From the pathology archives, DNA was extracted from tumor blocks and used for EBV nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA-3C) genotyping by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found a high prevalence of 96% of EBV infection in NPC patients with a predominance of genotype I detected in 73% of NPC samples. Histopathological examination showed that most of the NPC patients were in the advanced stages of cancer: stage III (38.4%) or stage IV-B (37.7%). Only keratinized squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher in EBV negative NPC patients compared with those who were EBV positive (OR = 0.01, 95%CI = (0.004–0.32; p = 0.009)), whereas the majority of patients (91.8%) had undifferentiated, non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, followed by differentiated, non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (7.5%). Although NPC had metastasized to 16% of other body sites, it was not associated with EBV infection, except for lung metastasis. A statistically significant reverse association was observed between EBV infection and lung metastasis (OR = 0.07, 95%CI = (0.01–0.51; p = 0.008)). Although 13% of NPC patients died, the overall survival (OS) mean time was 5.59 years. Given the high prevalence of EBV-associated NPC in our population, Saudi could be considered as an area with a high incidence of EBV-associated NPC with a predominance of EBV genotype I. A future multi-center study with a larger sample size is needed to assess the true burden of EBV-associated NPC in Saudi Arabia. MDPI 2023-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9913071/ /pubmed/36765601 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030643 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Al-Anazi, Abdullah E.
Alanazi, Bader S.
Alshanbari, Huda M.
Masuadi, Emad
Hamed, Maaweya E.
Dandachi, Iman
Alkathiri, Abdulrahman
Hanif, Atif
Nour, Islam
Fatani, Hanadi
Alsaran, Hadel
AlKhareeb, Fahad
Al Zahrani, Ali
Alsharm, Abdullah A.
Eifan, Saleh
Alosaimi, Bandar
Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study
title Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Increased Prevalence of EBV Infection in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Six-Year Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort increased prevalence of ebv infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a six-year cross-sectional study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9913071/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36765601
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030643
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