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Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Modern livestock research has focused on the evaluation of feeding strategies that led to modify the rumen microbiome to achieve optimum productivity without compromising ruminants’ physiology and health. For this reason, the supplementation of unconventional feedstuffs is extensivel...

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Autores principales: Christodoulou, Christos, Mavrommatis, Alexandros, Loukovitis, Dimitris, Symeon, George, Dotas, Vassilios, Kotsampasi, Basiliki, Tsiplakou, Eleni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9913825/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36766266
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13030377
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author Christodoulou, Christos
Mavrommatis, Alexandros
Loukovitis, Dimitris
Symeon, George
Dotas, Vassilios
Kotsampasi, Basiliki
Tsiplakou, Eleni
author_facet Christodoulou, Christos
Mavrommatis, Alexandros
Loukovitis, Dimitris
Symeon, George
Dotas, Vassilios
Kotsampasi, Basiliki
Tsiplakou, Eleni
author_sort Christodoulou, Christos
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Modern livestock research has focused on the evaluation of feeding strategies that led to modify the rumen microbiome to achieve optimum productivity without compromising ruminants’ physiology and health. For this reason, the supplementation of unconventional feedstuffs is extensively studied. In our study, we investigated the effect of Camelina sativa seeds supplementation on ewe’s rumen microbiota. Our results suggested that supplementing Camelina sativa seeds, especially in the highest studied level (160 g·kg(−1) of concentrate), resulted in significant alterations in the relative abundance of the rumen microorganisms, with those reported in methanogens being considered the most promising. ABSTRACT: Supplementing ruminant diets with unconventional feedstuffs (Camelina sativa seeds; CS) rich in bioactive molecules such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, may prove a potential eco-efficient strategy to manipulate rumen microbiome towards efficiency. Forty-eight ewes were divided into four homogenous groups (n = 12) according to their fat-corrected milk yield (6%), body weight, and age, and were fed individually with concentrate, alfalfa hay, and wheat straw. The concentrate of the control group (CON) had no CS inclusion, whereas the treated groups were supplemented with CS at 60 (CS6), 110 (CS11), and 160 (CS16) g·kg(−1) of concentrate, respectively. Rumen digesta was collected using an esophageal tube and then liquid and solid particles were separated using cheesecloth layers. An initial bacteriome screening using next-generation sequencing of 16S was followed by specific microbes targeting with a RT-qPCR platform, which unveiled the basic changes of the rumen microbiota under CS supplementation levels. The relative abundances of Archaea and methanogens were significantly reduced in the solid particles of CS11 and CS16. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Protozoa was significantly increased in both rumen fluid and solid particles of the CS6, whereas that of Fungi was significantly reduced in the rumen particle of the CS16. In rumen fluid, the relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogens and Ruminobacter amylophilus were significantly increased in the CS6 and CS11, respectively. In the solid particles of the CS11, the relative abundance of Ruminococcus flavefaciens was significantly reduced, whereas those of Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus and Ruminobacter amylophilus were significantly increased. Additionally, the relative abundance of Selenomonas ruminantium was significantly increased in both CS11 and CS16. Consequently, the highest CS content in the concentrate reduced the relative abundance of methanogens without inducing radical changes in rumen microorganisms that could impair ruminal fermentation and ewes’ performance.
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spelling pubmed-99138252023-02-11 Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota Christodoulou, Christos Mavrommatis, Alexandros Loukovitis, Dimitris Symeon, George Dotas, Vassilios Kotsampasi, Basiliki Tsiplakou, Eleni Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Modern livestock research has focused on the evaluation of feeding strategies that led to modify the rumen microbiome to achieve optimum productivity without compromising ruminants’ physiology and health. For this reason, the supplementation of unconventional feedstuffs is extensively studied. In our study, we investigated the effect of Camelina sativa seeds supplementation on ewe’s rumen microbiota. Our results suggested that supplementing Camelina sativa seeds, especially in the highest studied level (160 g·kg(−1) of concentrate), resulted in significant alterations in the relative abundance of the rumen microorganisms, with those reported in methanogens being considered the most promising. ABSTRACT: Supplementing ruminant diets with unconventional feedstuffs (Camelina sativa seeds; CS) rich in bioactive molecules such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, may prove a potential eco-efficient strategy to manipulate rumen microbiome towards efficiency. Forty-eight ewes were divided into four homogenous groups (n = 12) according to their fat-corrected milk yield (6%), body weight, and age, and were fed individually with concentrate, alfalfa hay, and wheat straw. The concentrate of the control group (CON) had no CS inclusion, whereas the treated groups were supplemented with CS at 60 (CS6), 110 (CS11), and 160 (CS16) g·kg(−1) of concentrate, respectively. Rumen digesta was collected using an esophageal tube and then liquid and solid particles were separated using cheesecloth layers. An initial bacteriome screening using next-generation sequencing of 16S was followed by specific microbes targeting with a RT-qPCR platform, which unveiled the basic changes of the rumen microbiota under CS supplementation levels. The relative abundances of Archaea and methanogens were significantly reduced in the solid particles of CS11 and CS16. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Protozoa was significantly increased in both rumen fluid and solid particles of the CS6, whereas that of Fungi was significantly reduced in the rumen particle of the CS16. In rumen fluid, the relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogens and Ruminobacter amylophilus were significantly increased in the CS6 and CS11, respectively. In the solid particles of the CS11, the relative abundance of Ruminococcus flavefaciens was significantly reduced, whereas those of Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus and Ruminobacter amylophilus were significantly increased. Additionally, the relative abundance of Selenomonas ruminantium was significantly increased in both CS11 and CS16. Consequently, the highest CS content in the concentrate reduced the relative abundance of methanogens without inducing radical changes in rumen microorganisms that could impair ruminal fermentation and ewes’ performance. MDPI 2023-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9913825/ /pubmed/36766266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13030377 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Christodoulou, Christos
Mavrommatis, Alexandros
Loukovitis, Dimitris
Symeon, George
Dotas, Vassilios
Kotsampasi, Basiliki
Tsiplakou, Eleni
Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota
title Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota
title_full Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota
title_fullStr Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota
title_full_unstemmed Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota
title_short Inclusion of Camelina sativa Seeds in Ewes’ Diet Modifies Rumen Microbiota
title_sort inclusion of camelina sativa seeds in ewes’ diet modifies rumen microbiota
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9913825/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36766266
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13030377
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