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Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(1) Background: Long COVID syndrome is a significant cause of morbidity in COVID-19 patients who remain symptomatic with varied clinical presentations beyond three weeks. Furthermore, the relevance of considering cardiovascular outcomes in post-COVID-19 syndrome is important in the current COVID-19...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9913936/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36766599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030491 |
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author | Shrestha, Abhigan Babu Mehta, Aashna Pokharel, Pashupati Mishra, Aakash Adhikari, Lukash Shrestha, Sajina Yadav, Randhir Sagar Khanal, Surakshya Sah, Ranjit Nowrouzi-Kia, Behdin Padhi, Bijaya Kumar Chattu, Vijay Kumar |
author_facet | Shrestha, Abhigan Babu Mehta, Aashna Pokharel, Pashupati Mishra, Aakash Adhikari, Lukash Shrestha, Sajina Yadav, Randhir Sagar Khanal, Surakshya Sah, Ranjit Nowrouzi-Kia, Behdin Padhi, Bijaya Kumar Chattu, Vijay Kumar |
author_sort | Shrestha, Abhigan Babu |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: Long COVID syndrome is a significant cause of morbidity in COVID-19 patients who remain symptomatic with varied clinical presentations beyond three weeks. Furthermore, the relevance of considering cardiovascular outcomes in post-COVID-19 syndrome is important in the current COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic searches were conducted from multiple databases without language restrictions until October 8, 2022, to find studies evaluating cardiovascular outcomes such as arrhythmias, myocardium and pericardium diseases, coronary vessel disease, and thromboembolic disorders in post-COVID cases. The pooled odds ratio (OR), and standard mean difference (SMD) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to find the association; (3) Results: Altogether, seven studies with a total of 8,126,462 (cases: 1,321,305; controls: 6,805,157) participants were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios of cardiovascular outcomes were significantly higher in post-COVID cases (OR > 1, p < 0.05) than in controls. However, the mortality (OR: 4.76, p = 0.13), and heart rate variability (SMD: −0.06, p = 0.91) between cases and controls were not statistically significant; (4) Conclusions: Significant cardiovascular sequelae in long COVID syndrome highlight the importance of careful cardiac monitoring of COVID-19 patients in the post-COVID phase to address cardiovascular complications as soon as possible; larger-scale prospective studies are required for accurate estimation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9913936 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99139362023-02-11 Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Shrestha, Abhigan Babu Mehta, Aashna Pokharel, Pashupati Mishra, Aakash Adhikari, Lukash Shrestha, Sajina Yadav, Randhir Sagar Khanal, Surakshya Sah, Ranjit Nowrouzi-Kia, Behdin Padhi, Bijaya Kumar Chattu, Vijay Kumar Diagnostics (Basel) Article (1) Background: Long COVID syndrome is a significant cause of morbidity in COVID-19 patients who remain symptomatic with varied clinical presentations beyond three weeks. Furthermore, the relevance of considering cardiovascular outcomes in post-COVID-19 syndrome is important in the current COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic searches were conducted from multiple databases without language restrictions until October 8, 2022, to find studies evaluating cardiovascular outcomes such as arrhythmias, myocardium and pericardium diseases, coronary vessel disease, and thromboembolic disorders in post-COVID cases. The pooled odds ratio (OR), and standard mean difference (SMD) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to find the association; (3) Results: Altogether, seven studies with a total of 8,126,462 (cases: 1,321,305; controls: 6,805,157) participants were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios of cardiovascular outcomes were significantly higher in post-COVID cases (OR > 1, p < 0.05) than in controls. However, the mortality (OR: 4.76, p = 0.13), and heart rate variability (SMD: −0.06, p = 0.91) between cases and controls were not statistically significant; (4) Conclusions: Significant cardiovascular sequelae in long COVID syndrome highlight the importance of careful cardiac monitoring of COVID-19 patients in the post-COVID phase to address cardiovascular complications as soon as possible; larger-scale prospective studies are required for accurate estimation. MDPI 2023-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9913936/ /pubmed/36766599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030491 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Shrestha, Abhigan Babu Mehta, Aashna Pokharel, Pashupati Mishra, Aakash Adhikari, Lukash Shrestha, Sajina Yadav, Randhir Sagar Khanal, Surakshya Sah, Ranjit Nowrouzi-Kia, Behdin Padhi, Bijaya Kumar Chattu, Vijay Kumar Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title | Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_full | Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_fullStr | Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_short | Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_sort | long covid syndrome and cardiovascular manifestations: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9913936/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36766599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030491 |
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