Computer-Aided Screening and Revealing Action Mechanism of Green Tea Polyphenols Intervention in Alzheimer’s Disease

The accumulation of cross-β-sheet amyloid fibrils is a hallmark of the neurodegenerative process of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although it has been reported that green tea substances such as epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could alleviate the symptoms of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, the pharmacological mechanism remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism of EC, ECG, EGC and EGCG in AD using a computer-aided screening strategy. Our results showed that the four tea polyphenols interfered with the signaling pathways of AD via calcium signaling channels, neurodegeneration-multiple disease signal pathways and others. We also identified the key residues of the interaction between VEGFA and the four active components, which included Glu64 and Phe36. Overall, we have provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of tea polyphenols, which could be used as a reference to improve therapeutic strategies against AD.