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Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by blood flukes from the genus Schistosoma. Brazil hosts the main endemic area in the Americas, where Schistosoma mansoni is the only species causing the disease. Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear is the WHO recommended screening test for populat...

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Autores principales: Menezes, Daniel Lima, Santos, Carlos Thailan de Jesus, Oliveira, Yvanna Louise Di Christine, Campos, Vinícius Torres Castro, Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah Aparecida, Geiger, Stefan Michael, Silva, José Rodrigo Santos, Jain, Sona, Oliveira, Luciana Maria, Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio, Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos, Dolabella, Silvio Santana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9914664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36766631
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030527
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author Menezes, Daniel Lima
Santos, Carlos Thailan de Jesus
Oliveira, Yvanna Louise Di Christine
Campos, Vinícius Torres Castro
Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah Aparecida
Geiger, Stefan Michael
Silva, José Rodrigo Santos
Jain, Sona
Oliveira, Luciana Maria
Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio
Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos
Dolabella, Silvio Santana
author_facet Menezes, Daniel Lima
Santos, Carlos Thailan de Jesus
Oliveira, Yvanna Louise Di Christine
Campos, Vinícius Torres Castro
Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah Aparecida
Geiger, Stefan Michael
Silva, José Rodrigo Santos
Jain, Sona
Oliveira, Luciana Maria
Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio
Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos
Dolabella, Silvio Santana
author_sort Menezes, Daniel Lima
collection PubMed
description Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by blood flukes from the genus Schistosoma. Brazil hosts the main endemic area in the Americas, where Schistosoma mansoni is the only species causing the disease. Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear is the WHO recommended screening test for populational studies, but there is growing evidence for the sensitivity limitations associated with KK, especially in areas with low parasite loads. Helmintex (HTX) is another highly sensitive egg-detection method, based on the magnetic properties of S. mansoni eggs and their isolation in a magnetic field. The objective of this study is to evaluate both KK and HTX in a moderate endemic locality, Areia Branca, located in the municipality of Pacatuba, in the state of Sergipe in northeastern Brazil. From 234 individual fecal samples, two KK thick smears were prepared and evaluated for each sample. Similarly, 30 g of each fecal sample was processed by HTX protocol. Eggs were detected in 80 (34.18%) residents. Twenty-three (9.83%) samples were positive for eggs (only by KK), and 77 (32.91%) samples showed positive for eggs (only by HTX). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy estimates gave values of 28.75%, 100% and 75.64%, respectively, for KK, and 96.25%, 100% and 98.72% respectively, for HTX. The positive predictive value was 100% for both methods, while the negative predictive value was 72.99% for KK and 98.09% for HTX. Overall, HTX presented a superior performance compared to the one sample, two slides KK examination. The study confirms the role of HTX as a reference method for the definition of true-positive samples in comparative accuracy studies and its potential role in the late stages when the certification of schistosomiasis transmission interruption is required. Diagnostic tests are important tools for the elimination of this NTD, besides the effective implementation of safe water, basic sanitation, snail control, and the treatment of infected populations.
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spelling pubmed-99146642023-02-11 Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil Menezes, Daniel Lima Santos, Carlos Thailan de Jesus Oliveira, Yvanna Louise Di Christine Campos, Vinícius Torres Castro Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah Aparecida Geiger, Stefan Michael Silva, José Rodrigo Santos Jain, Sona Oliveira, Luciana Maria Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos Dolabella, Silvio Santana Diagnostics (Basel) Article Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by blood flukes from the genus Schistosoma. Brazil hosts the main endemic area in the Americas, where Schistosoma mansoni is the only species causing the disease. Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear is the WHO recommended screening test for populational studies, but there is growing evidence for the sensitivity limitations associated with KK, especially in areas with low parasite loads. Helmintex (HTX) is another highly sensitive egg-detection method, based on the magnetic properties of S. mansoni eggs and their isolation in a magnetic field. The objective of this study is to evaluate both KK and HTX in a moderate endemic locality, Areia Branca, located in the municipality of Pacatuba, in the state of Sergipe in northeastern Brazil. From 234 individual fecal samples, two KK thick smears were prepared and evaluated for each sample. Similarly, 30 g of each fecal sample was processed by HTX protocol. Eggs were detected in 80 (34.18%) residents. Twenty-three (9.83%) samples were positive for eggs (only by KK), and 77 (32.91%) samples showed positive for eggs (only by HTX). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy estimates gave values of 28.75%, 100% and 75.64%, respectively, for KK, and 96.25%, 100% and 98.72% respectively, for HTX. The positive predictive value was 100% for both methods, while the negative predictive value was 72.99% for KK and 98.09% for HTX. Overall, HTX presented a superior performance compared to the one sample, two slides KK examination. The study confirms the role of HTX as a reference method for the definition of true-positive samples in comparative accuracy studies and its potential role in the late stages when the certification of schistosomiasis transmission interruption is required. Diagnostic tests are important tools for the elimination of this NTD, besides the effective implementation of safe water, basic sanitation, snail control, and the treatment of infected populations. MDPI 2023-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9914664/ /pubmed/36766631 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030527 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Menezes, Daniel Lima
Santos, Carlos Thailan de Jesus
Oliveira, Yvanna Louise Di Christine
Campos, Vinícius Torres Castro
Negrão-Corrêa, Deborah Aparecida
Geiger, Stefan Michael
Silva, José Rodrigo Santos
Jain, Sona
Oliveira, Luciana Maria
Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio
Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos
Dolabella, Silvio Santana
Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
title Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
title_full Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
title_fullStr Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
title_short Accuracy Study of Kato-Katz and Helmintex Methods for Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis Mansoni in a Moderate Endemicity Area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
title_sort accuracy study of kato-katz and helmintex methods for diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni in a moderate endemicity area in sergipe, northeastern brazil
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9914664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36766631
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030527
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