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Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity
The interferon (IFN) response is the first line of defense against viral invasion and thus plays a central role in the regulation of the immune response. IFN-epsilon (IFN-ε) is a newly discovered type I IFN that does not require viral induction, unlike other type I IFNs. IFN-ε is constitutively expr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9915148/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36776547 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.972433 |
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author | Zhang, Hailing Zhang, Dongliang Zhang, Shasha Liu, Hao Wang, Han Wang, Cong Zou, Deying Hu, Bo Lian, Shizhen Lu, Shiying Bai, Xue |
author_facet | Zhang, Hailing Zhang, Dongliang Zhang, Shasha Liu, Hao Wang, Han Wang, Cong Zou, Deying Hu, Bo Lian, Shizhen Lu, Shiying Bai, Xue |
author_sort | Zhang, Hailing |
collection | PubMed |
description | The interferon (IFN) response is the first line of defense against viral invasion and thus plays a central role in the regulation of the immune response. IFN-epsilon (IFN-ε) is a newly discovered type I IFN that does not require viral induction, unlike other type I IFNs. IFN-ε is constitutively expressed in epithelial cells and plays an important role in mucosal immunity. In this study, we evaluated the biological activity of the mink-IFN (MiIFN)-ε gene in prokaryotic cells. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate IFN-ε expression in different mink tissues. MiIFN-ε was highly expressed in brain, lung, tracheal, kidney, intestinal, bladder, ovarian, and testis tissues. There was no significant difference in MiIFN-ε expression between female and male minks, except in the reproductive system. Expression of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO3)-MiIFN-ε fusion gene was induced by isopropylβ-d-thiogalactoside, and MiIFN-ε was collected after SUMO-specific protease digestion. We tested the antiviral activity of MiIFN-ε against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in epithelial cells of feline kidney 81 (F81). We used qRT-PCR to analyze the expression of several IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), including ISG15, 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthetase (2′-5′OAS1), and myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1). Recombinant IFN-ε induced high ISG expression in F81 cells. Compared with those in the cell control group, expressions of ISG15, Mx1, and 2′-5′ OAS1 in the VSV-GFP control, IFN-ε, and MiIFN-ε-inhibited VSV-GFP groups were significantly increased. Compared with those in the VSV-GFP control group, expressions of ISG15 and 2′-5′ OAS1 in the IFN-ε and MiIFN-ε-inhibited VSV-GFP groups were significantly increased, and the differences were highly significant (p < 0.0001). IFN-ε played an indirect antiviral role. These findings lay the foundation for detailed investigation of IFN-ε in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9915148 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99151482023-02-11 Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity Zhang, Hailing Zhang, Dongliang Zhang, Shasha Liu, Hao Wang, Han Wang, Cong Zou, Deying Hu, Bo Lian, Shizhen Lu, Shiying Bai, Xue Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science The interferon (IFN) response is the first line of defense against viral invasion and thus plays a central role in the regulation of the immune response. IFN-epsilon (IFN-ε) is a newly discovered type I IFN that does not require viral induction, unlike other type I IFNs. IFN-ε is constitutively expressed in epithelial cells and plays an important role in mucosal immunity. In this study, we evaluated the biological activity of the mink-IFN (MiIFN)-ε gene in prokaryotic cells. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate IFN-ε expression in different mink tissues. MiIFN-ε was highly expressed in brain, lung, tracheal, kidney, intestinal, bladder, ovarian, and testis tissues. There was no significant difference in MiIFN-ε expression between female and male minks, except in the reproductive system. Expression of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO3)-MiIFN-ε fusion gene was induced by isopropylβ-d-thiogalactoside, and MiIFN-ε was collected after SUMO-specific protease digestion. We tested the antiviral activity of MiIFN-ε against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in epithelial cells of feline kidney 81 (F81). We used qRT-PCR to analyze the expression of several IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), including ISG15, 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthetase (2′-5′OAS1), and myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1). Recombinant IFN-ε induced high ISG expression in F81 cells. Compared with those in the cell control group, expressions of ISG15, Mx1, and 2′-5′ OAS1 in the VSV-GFP control, IFN-ε, and MiIFN-ε-inhibited VSV-GFP groups were significantly increased. Compared with those in the VSV-GFP control group, expressions of ISG15 and 2′-5′ OAS1 in the IFN-ε and MiIFN-ε-inhibited VSV-GFP groups were significantly increased, and the differences were highly significant (p < 0.0001). IFN-ε played an indirect antiviral role. These findings lay the foundation for detailed investigation of IFN-ε in the future. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9915148/ /pubmed/36776547 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.972433 Text en Copyright © 2023 Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, Liu, Wang, Wang, Zou, Hu, Lian, Lu and Bai. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Veterinary Science Zhang, Hailing Zhang, Dongliang Zhang, Shasha Liu, Hao Wang, Han Wang, Cong Zou, Deying Hu, Bo Lian, Shizhen Lu, Shiying Bai, Xue Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
title | Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
title_full | Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
title_fullStr | Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
title_full_unstemmed | Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
title_short | Isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
title_sort | isolation and characterization of the mink interferon-epsilon gene and its antiviral activity |
topic | Veterinary Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9915148/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36776547 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.972433 |
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