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Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and neonatal birth outcomes in Northwest China. Methods: This population-based cohort study included 10,010 first-trimester pregnant women who joined the birth cohort of the Northwest W...

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Autores principales: Zhao, Doudou, Liu, Danmeng, Shi, Wenhao, Shan, Li, Yue, Wentao, Qu, Pengfei, Yin, Chenghong, Mi, Yang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9915873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36767469
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032102
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author Zhao, Doudou
Liu, Danmeng
Shi, Wenhao
Shan, Li
Yue, Wentao
Qu, Pengfei
Yin, Chenghong
Mi, Yang
author_facet Zhao, Doudou
Liu, Danmeng
Shi, Wenhao
Shan, Li
Yue, Wentao
Qu, Pengfei
Yin, Chenghong
Mi, Yang
author_sort Zhao, Doudou
collection PubMed
description Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and neonatal birth outcomes in Northwest China. Methods: This population-based cohort study included 10,010 first-trimester pregnant women who joined the birth cohort of the Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital from July 2018 to July 2020. Basic demographic characteristics, lifestyle and behavior patterns were collected. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results during the second trimester and pregnancy outcomes after childbirth were also collected. A generalized linear model was constructed to analyze the effects of blood glucose levels on neonatal birth outcomes. Results: We found that every 1 mmol/L increase in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was associated with an increase in birth weight (β = 100.22 g, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 81.91, 118.52), birth weight Z score (β = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.19, 0.27) and birth weight Z centile (β = 6.72%, 95%CI: 5.51, 7.94). Moreover, the risk of macrosomia, premature birth and being born large for gestational age (LGA) increased by 2.01 (95%CI: 1.67, 2.43), 1.35 (95%CI: 1.09, 1.66) and 1.80 (95%CI: 1.57, 2.07) times, respectively. Additionally, for every 1 mmol/L increase in FPG associated with a decrease in gestational age (β = −0.12 weeks, 95%CI: −0.19, −0.06), the risk of SGA decreased by 0.70 (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.55, 0.89) times. Every 1 mmol/L increase in 1/2-h PG had similar outcomes as FPG, besides premature birth and SGA. Conclusions: Higher blood glucose in pregnant women may increase neonatal birth weight, decrease gestational age and lead to a higher risk of macrosomia, premature birth and LGA. Mothers should actively prevent and control hyperglycemia to promote maternal and infant health.
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spelling pubmed-99158732023-02-11 Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study Zhao, Doudou Liu, Danmeng Shi, Wenhao Shan, Li Yue, Wentao Qu, Pengfei Yin, Chenghong Mi, Yang Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and neonatal birth outcomes in Northwest China. Methods: This population-based cohort study included 10,010 first-trimester pregnant women who joined the birth cohort of the Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital from July 2018 to July 2020. Basic demographic characteristics, lifestyle and behavior patterns were collected. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results during the second trimester and pregnancy outcomes after childbirth were also collected. A generalized linear model was constructed to analyze the effects of blood glucose levels on neonatal birth outcomes. Results: We found that every 1 mmol/L increase in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was associated with an increase in birth weight (β = 100.22 g, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 81.91, 118.52), birth weight Z score (β = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.19, 0.27) and birth weight Z centile (β = 6.72%, 95%CI: 5.51, 7.94). Moreover, the risk of macrosomia, premature birth and being born large for gestational age (LGA) increased by 2.01 (95%CI: 1.67, 2.43), 1.35 (95%CI: 1.09, 1.66) and 1.80 (95%CI: 1.57, 2.07) times, respectively. Additionally, for every 1 mmol/L increase in FPG associated with a decrease in gestational age (β = −0.12 weeks, 95%CI: −0.19, −0.06), the risk of SGA decreased by 0.70 (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.55, 0.89) times. Every 1 mmol/L increase in 1/2-h PG had similar outcomes as FPG, besides premature birth and SGA. Conclusions: Higher blood glucose in pregnant women may increase neonatal birth weight, decrease gestational age and lead to a higher risk of macrosomia, premature birth and LGA. Mothers should actively prevent and control hyperglycemia to promote maternal and infant health. MDPI 2023-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9915873/ /pubmed/36767469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032102 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhao, Doudou
Liu, Danmeng
Shi, Wenhao
Shan, Li
Yue, Wentao
Qu, Pengfei
Yin, Chenghong
Mi, Yang
Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study
title Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study
title_full Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study
title_fullStr Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study
title_short Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study
title_sort association between maternal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and birth outcomes: a birth cohort study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9915873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36767469
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032102
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