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Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life
Iron deficiency (ID) is a prevalent nutritional deficiency affecting children/adolescents worldwide. We reported (1) the prevalence of ID and ID with anemia (IDA) among Chinese school-aged adolescents, (2) clinical and dietary predictors of iron status, and (3) its impact on health-related qualities...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916133/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36767942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032578 |
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author | Cheung, Yin Ting Chan, Dorothy Fung Ying Lee, Cheuk Kwong Tsoi, Wai Chiu Lau, Ching Wa Leung, Jennifer Ngar Sze So, Jason Chi Chiu Wong, Chris Lei Po Tsang, Stella Tsui Ying Chu, Yvonne Yuen Ling Li, Chi Kong |
author_facet | Cheung, Yin Ting Chan, Dorothy Fung Ying Lee, Cheuk Kwong Tsoi, Wai Chiu Lau, Ching Wa Leung, Jennifer Ngar Sze So, Jason Chi Chiu Wong, Chris Lei Po Tsang, Stella Tsui Ying Chu, Yvonne Yuen Ling Li, Chi Kong |
author_sort | Cheung, Yin Ting |
collection | PubMed |
description | Iron deficiency (ID) is a prevalent nutritional deficiency affecting children/adolescents worldwide. We reported (1) the prevalence of ID and ID with anemia (IDA) among Chinese school-aged adolescents, (2) clinical and dietary predictors of iron status, and (3) its impact on health-related qualities of life (HRQoL). This cross-sectional study recruited 183 boys and 340 girls (mean age = 17.55) from 16 schools in Hong Kong. ID is defined as serum ferritin <15 μg/L. The participants reported their dietary habits, menstrual patterns (girls), and HRQoL using structured questionnaires. The overall prevalence of ID was 11.1%. None of the boys had ID or IDA. Among girls, the rate of ID was 17.1% and IDA was 10.9%. One-third (36.3%) reported a regular habit of skipping ≥1 meal/day. Lower ferritin was found in adolescents who skipped meals (Est = −35.1, p = 0.017). Lower ferritin is correlated with poorer school functioning (Est = 0.81, p = 0.045) and fatigue (Est = 0.92, p = 0.016). Skipping meals is associated with poorer physical (p = 0.0017) and school functioning (p = 0.027). To conclude, 1 in 10 school-aged adolescents in Hong Kong are iron-deficient. The ID rate in girls (17.1%) is similar to that in other industrialized countries (5.2–16.6%). Future work should promote awareness on the potential health consequences of poor dietary habits on ID and the well-being of adolescents. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9916133 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99161332023-02-11 Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life Cheung, Yin Ting Chan, Dorothy Fung Ying Lee, Cheuk Kwong Tsoi, Wai Chiu Lau, Ching Wa Leung, Jennifer Ngar Sze So, Jason Chi Chiu Wong, Chris Lei Po Tsang, Stella Tsui Ying Chu, Yvonne Yuen Ling Li, Chi Kong Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Iron deficiency (ID) is a prevalent nutritional deficiency affecting children/adolescents worldwide. We reported (1) the prevalence of ID and ID with anemia (IDA) among Chinese school-aged adolescents, (2) clinical and dietary predictors of iron status, and (3) its impact on health-related qualities of life (HRQoL). This cross-sectional study recruited 183 boys and 340 girls (mean age = 17.55) from 16 schools in Hong Kong. ID is defined as serum ferritin <15 μg/L. The participants reported their dietary habits, menstrual patterns (girls), and HRQoL using structured questionnaires. The overall prevalence of ID was 11.1%. None of the boys had ID or IDA. Among girls, the rate of ID was 17.1% and IDA was 10.9%. One-third (36.3%) reported a regular habit of skipping ≥1 meal/day. Lower ferritin was found in adolescents who skipped meals (Est = −35.1, p = 0.017). Lower ferritin is correlated with poorer school functioning (Est = 0.81, p = 0.045) and fatigue (Est = 0.92, p = 0.016). Skipping meals is associated with poorer physical (p = 0.0017) and school functioning (p = 0.027). To conclude, 1 in 10 school-aged adolescents in Hong Kong are iron-deficient. The ID rate in girls (17.1%) is similar to that in other industrialized countries (5.2–16.6%). Future work should promote awareness on the potential health consequences of poor dietary habits on ID and the well-being of adolescents. MDPI 2023-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9916133/ /pubmed/36767942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032578 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cheung, Yin Ting Chan, Dorothy Fung Ying Lee, Cheuk Kwong Tsoi, Wai Chiu Lau, Ching Wa Leung, Jennifer Ngar Sze So, Jason Chi Chiu Wong, Chris Lei Po Tsang, Stella Tsui Ying Chu, Yvonne Yuen Ling Li, Chi Kong Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life |
title | Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life |
title_full | Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life |
title_fullStr | Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life |
title_full_unstemmed | Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life |
title_short | Iron Deficiency among School-Aged Adolescents in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life |
title_sort | iron deficiency among school-aged adolescents in hong kong: prevalence, predictors, and effects on health-related quality of life |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916133/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36767942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032578 |
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