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Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory
An escapable (ES)/inescapable stress (IS) paradigm was used to study whether behavioral control and repeated footshock stressors may affect adult neurogenesis and related cognitive function. Male stressed mice having behavioral control (ES) had a short-term escalation in dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) ne...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031983 |
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author | Sun, Li-Han Liao, Yi-Han Chan, Ya-Hsuan Yu, Anna E. Wu, Chun-Hsien Kuo, Ing-Tiau Yu, Lung |
author_facet | Sun, Li-Han Liao, Yi-Han Chan, Ya-Hsuan Yu, Anna E. Wu, Chun-Hsien Kuo, Ing-Tiau Yu, Lung |
author_sort | Sun, Li-Han |
collection | PubMed |
description | An escapable (ES)/inescapable stress (IS) paradigm was used to study whether behavioral control and repeated footshock stressors may affect adult neurogenesis and related cognitive function. Male stressed mice having behavioral control (ES) had a short-term escalation in dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis, while similarly stressed mice having no such control had unaltered neurogenesis as compared to control mice receiving no stressors. Paradoxically, ES and IS mice had comparable stress-induced corticosterone elevations throughout the stress regimen. Appetitive operant conditioning and forced running procedures were used to model learning and exercise effects in this escapable/inescapable paradigm. Further, conditioning and running procedures did not seem to affect the mice’s corticosterone or short-term neurogenesis. ES and IS mice did not show noticeable long-term changes in their dorsal DG neurogenesis, gliogenesis, local neuronal density, apoptosis, autophagic flux, or heterotypic stress responses. ES mice were found to have a greater number of previously labeled and functionally integrated DG neurons as compared to IS and control mice 6 weeks after the conclusion of the stressor regimen. Likewise, ES mice outperformed IS and non-stressed control mice for the first two, but not the remaining two, trials in the object location task. Compared to non-stressed controls, temozolomide-treated ES and IS mice having a lower number of dorsal DG 6-week-old neurons display poor performance in their object location working memory. These results, taken together, prompt us to conclude that repeated stressors, albeit their corticosterone secretion-stimulating effect, do not necessary affect adult dorsal DG neurogenesis. Moreover, stressed animals having behavioral control may display adult neurogenesis escalation in the dorsal DG. Furthermore, the number of 6-week-old and functionally-integrated neurons in the dorsal DG seems to confer the quality of spatial location working memory. Finally, these 6-week-old, adult-born neurons seem to contribute spatial location memory in a use-dependent manner. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9916676 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99166762023-02-11 Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory Sun, Li-Han Liao, Yi-Han Chan, Ya-Hsuan Yu, Anna E. Wu, Chun-Hsien Kuo, Ing-Tiau Yu, Lung Int J Mol Sci Article An escapable (ES)/inescapable stress (IS) paradigm was used to study whether behavioral control and repeated footshock stressors may affect adult neurogenesis and related cognitive function. Male stressed mice having behavioral control (ES) had a short-term escalation in dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis, while similarly stressed mice having no such control had unaltered neurogenesis as compared to control mice receiving no stressors. Paradoxically, ES and IS mice had comparable stress-induced corticosterone elevations throughout the stress regimen. Appetitive operant conditioning and forced running procedures were used to model learning and exercise effects in this escapable/inescapable paradigm. Further, conditioning and running procedures did not seem to affect the mice’s corticosterone or short-term neurogenesis. ES and IS mice did not show noticeable long-term changes in their dorsal DG neurogenesis, gliogenesis, local neuronal density, apoptosis, autophagic flux, or heterotypic stress responses. ES mice were found to have a greater number of previously labeled and functionally integrated DG neurons as compared to IS and control mice 6 weeks after the conclusion of the stressor regimen. Likewise, ES mice outperformed IS and non-stressed control mice for the first two, but not the remaining two, trials in the object location task. Compared to non-stressed controls, temozolomide-treated ES and IS mice having a lower number of dorsal DG 6-week-old neurons display poor performance in their object location working memory. These results, taken together, prompt us to conclude that repeated stressors, albeit their corticosterone secretion-stimulating effect, do not necessary affect adult dorsal DG neurogenesis. Moreover, stressed animals having behavioral control may display adult neurogenesis escalation in the dorsal DG. Furthermore, the number of 6-week-old and functionally-integrated neurons in the dorsal DG seems to confer the quality of spatial location working memory. Finally, these 6-week-old, adult-born neurons seem to contribute spatial location memory in a use-dependent manner. MDPI 2023-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9916676/ /pubmed/36768303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031983 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sun, Li-Han Liao, Yi-Han Chan, Ya-Hsuan Yu, Anna E. Wu, Chun-Hsien Kuo, Ing-Tiau Yu, Lung Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory |
title | Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory |
title_full | Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory |
title_fullStr | Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory |
title_full_unstemmed | Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory |
title_short | Male Stressed Mice Having Behavioral Control Exhibit Escalations in Dorsal Dentate Adult-Born Neurons and Spatial Memory |
title_sort | male stressed mice having behavioral control exhibit escalations in dorsal dentate adult-born neurons and spatial memory |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031983 |
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