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Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, including PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. They play important roles in glucose and lipid metabolism and are also supposed to reduce inflammation and atherosclerosis. All...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wagner, Nicole, Wagner, Kay-Dietrich
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768666
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032345
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author Wagner, Nicole
Wagner, Kay-Dietrich
author_facet Wagner, Nicole
Wagner, Kay-Dietrich
author_sort Wagner, Nicole
collection PubMed
description Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, including PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. They play important roles in glucose and lipid metabolism and are also supposed to reduce inflammation and atherosclerosis. All PPARs are involved in angiogenesis, a process critically involved in cardiovascular pathology. Synthetic specific agonists exist for all PPARs. PPARα agonists (fibrates) are used to treat dyslipidemia by decreasing triglyceride and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. PPARγ agonists (thiazolidinediones) are used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus by improving insulin sensitivity. PPARα/γ (dual) agonists are supposed to treat both pathological conditions at once. In contrast, PPARβ/δ agonists are not in clinical use. Although activators of PPARs were initially considered to have favorable effects on the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, their cardiovascular safety is controversial. Here, we discuss the implications of PPARs in vascular biology regarding cardiac pathology and focus on the outcomes of clinical studies evaluating their benefits in cardiovascular diseases.
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spelling pubmed-99168022023-02-11 Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease Wagner, Nicole Wagner, Kay-Dietrich Int J Mol Sci Review Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, including PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. They play important roles in glucose and lipid metabolism and are also supposed to reduce inflammation and atherosclerosis. All PPARs are involved in angiogenesis, a process critically involved in cardiovascular pathology. Synthetic specific agonists exist for all PPARs. PPARα agonists (fibrates) are used to treat dyslipidemia by decreasing triglyceride and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. PPARγ agonists (thiazolidinediones) are used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus by improving insulin sensitivity. PPARα/γ (dual) agonists are supposed to treat both pathological conditions at once. In contrast, PPARβ/δ agonists are not in clinical use. Although activators of PPARs were initially considered to have favorable effects on the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, their cardiovascular safety is controversial. Here, we discuss the implications of PPARs in vascular biology regarding cardiac pathology and focus on the outcomes of clinical studies evaluating their benefits in cardiovascular diseases. MDPI 2023-01-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9916802/ /pubmed/36768666 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032345 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wagner, Nicole
Wagner, Kay-Dietrich
Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease
title Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease
title_full Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease
title_fullStr Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease
title_short Pharmacological Utility of PPAR Modulation for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease
title_sort pharmacological utility of ppar modulation for angiogenesis in cardiovascular disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768666
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032345
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