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Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15–20% of all breast cancer cases. Due to the lack of expression of well-known molecular targets [estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)], there is a need for more alternative treatment...

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Autores principales: Zaib, Tahir, Cheng, Ke, Liu, Tingdang, Mei, Ruyi, Liu, Qin, Zhou, Xiaoling, He, Lifang, Rashid, Hibba, Xie, Qingdong, Khan, Hanif, Xu, Yien, Sun, Pingnan, Wu, Jundong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917013/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768478
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032152
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author Zaib, Tahir
Cheng, Ke
Liu, Tingdang
Mei, Ruyi
Liu, Qin
Zhou, Xiaoling
He, Lifang
Rashid, Hibba
Xie, Qingdong
Khan, Hanif
Xu, Yien
Sun, Pingnan
Wu, Jundong
author_facet Zaib, Tahir
Cheng, Ke
Liu, Tingdang
Mei, Ruyi
Liu, Qin
Zhou, Xiaoling
He, Lifang
Rashid, Hibba
Xie, Qingdong
Khan, Hanif
Xu, Yien
Sun, Pingnan
Wu, Jundong
author_sort Zaib, Tahir
collection PubMed
description Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15–20% of all breast cancer cases. Due to the lack of expression of well-known molecular targets [estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)], there is a need for more alternative treatment approaches in TNBC. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell-based immunotherapy treatment is one of the latest treatment technologies with outstanding therapeutic advances in the past decade, especially in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, but the therapeutic effects of CAR-T cells against solid tumors have not yet shown significant clinical benefits. Identification of highly specific CAR-T targets in solid tumors is also crucial for its successful treatment. CD22 is reported to be a multifunctional receptor that is mainly expressed on the surface of mature B-cells (lymphocytes) and is also highly expressed in most B-cell malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CD22 in TNBC. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of CD22 in breast carcinoma and normal tissues. RNA-seq data of normal and breast carcinoma patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and differential gene expression was performed using R language. Additionally, online bioinformatics web tools (GEPIA and TNM plot) were used to evaluate the expression of CD22 in breast carcinoma and normal tissues. Western blot (WB) analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) were performed to characterize the expression of CD22 in TNBC cell lines. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on tumor specimens from 97 TNBC patients for CD22 expression. Moreover, statistical analysis was performed to analyze the association of clinical pathological parameters with CD22 expression. Correlation analysis between overall survival data of TNBC patients and CD22 expression was also performed. Differential gene expression analysis of TCGA data revealed that CD22 is among the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with high expression in breast cancer, as compared to normal breast tissues. WB and IF analysis revealed high expression of CD22 in TNBC cell lines. IHC results also showed that approximately 62.89% (61/97) of TNBC specimens were stained positive for CD22. Cell membrane expression of CD22 was evident in 23.71% (23/97) of TNBC specimens, and 39.18% (38/97) of TNBC specimens showed cytoplasmic/membrane expression, while 37.11% (36/97) specimens were negative for CD22. Furthermore, significant associations were found between the size of tumors in TNBC patients and CD22 expression, which unveils its potential as a prognostic biomarker. No significant correlation was found between the overall survival of TNBC patients and CD22 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that CD22 is highly expressed in TNBC. Based on our findings, we anticipated that CD22 could be used as a prognostic biomarker in TNBC, and it might be a potential CAR-T target in TNBC for whom few therapeutic options exist. However, more large-scale studies and clinical trials will ensure its potential usefulness as a CAR-T target in TNBC.
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spelling pubmed-99170132023-02-11 Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy Zaib, Tahir Cheng, Ke Liu, Tingdang Mei, Ruyi Liu, Qin Zhou, Xiaoling He, Lifang Rashid, Hibba Xie, Qingdong Khan, Hanif Xu, Yien Sun, Pingnan Wu, Jundong Int J Mol Sci Article Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15–20% of all breast cancer cases. Due to the lack of expression of well-known molecular targets [estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)], there is a need for more alternative treatment approaches in TNBC. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell-based immunotherapy treatment is one of the latest treatment technologies with outstanding therapeutic advances in the past decade, especially in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, but the therapeutic effects of CAR-T cells against solid tumors have not yet shown significant clinical benefits. Identification of highly specific CAR-T targets in solid tumors is also crucial for its successful treatment. CD22 is reported to be a multifunctional receptor that is mainly expressed on the surface of mature B-cells (lymphocytes) and is also highly expressed in most B-cell malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CD22 in TNBC. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of CD22 in breast carcinoma and normal tissues. RNA-seq data of normal and breast carcinoma patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and differential gene expression was performed using R language. Additionally, online bioinformatics web tools (GEPIA and TNM plot) were used to evaluate the expression of CD22 in breast carcinoma and normal tissues. Western blot (WB) analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) were performed to characterize the expression of CD22 in TNBC cell lines. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on tumor specimens from 97 TNBC patients for CD22 expression. Moreover, statistical analysis was performed to analyze the association of clinical pathological parameters with CD22 expression. Correlation analysis between overall survival data of TNBC patients and CD22 expression was also performed. Differential gene expression analysis of TCGA data revealed that CD22 is among the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with high expression in breast cancer, as compared to normal breast tissues. WB and IF analysis revealed high expression of CD22 in TNBC cell lines. IHC results also showed that approximately 62.89% (61/97) of TNBC specimens were stained positive for CD22. Cell membrane expression of CD22 was evident in 23.71% (23/97) of TNBC specimens, and 39.18% (38/97) of TNBC specimens showed cytoplasmic/membrane expression, while 37.11% (36/97) specimens were negative for CD22. Furthermore, significant associations were found between the size of tumors in TNBC patients and CD22 expression, which unveils its potential as a prognostic biomarker. No significant correlation was found between the overall survival of TNBC patients and CD22 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that CD22 is highly expressed in TNBC. Based on our findings, we anticipated that CD22 could be used as a prognostic biomarker in TNBC, and it might be a potential CAR-T target in TNBC for whom few therapeutic options exist. However, more large-scale studies and clinical trials will ensure its potential usefulness as a CAR-T target in TNBC. MDPI 2023-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9917013/ /pubmed/36768478 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032152 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zaib, Tahir
Cheng, Ke
Liu, Tingdang
Mei, Ruyi
Liu, Qin
Zhou, Xiaoling
He, Lifang
Rashid, Hibba
Xie, Qingdong
Khan, Hanif
Xu, Yien
Sun, Pingnan
Wu, Jundong
Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy
title Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy
title_full Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy
title_fullStr Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy
title_short Expression of CD22 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Target for CAR Therapy
title_sort expression of cd22 in triple-negative breast cancer: a novel prognostic biomarker and potential target for car therapy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917013/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768478
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032152
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