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Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a promising drug delivery system to treat brain diseases, as the particle transport trajectory can be manipulated by an external magnetic field. However, due to the complex microstructure of brain tissues, particularly the arrangement of nerve fibres in the white ma...

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Autores principales: Yuan, Tian, Yang, Yi, Zhan, Wenbo, Dini, Daniele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768857
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032534
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author Yuan, Tian
Yang, Yi
Zhan, Wenbo
Dini, Daniele
author_facet Yuan, Tian
Yang, Yi
Zhan, Wenbo
Dini, Daniele
author_sort Yuan, Tian
collection PubMed
description Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a promising drug delivery system to treat brain diseases, as the particle transport trajectory can be manipulated by an external magnetic field. However, due to the complex microstructure of brain tissues, particularly the arrangement of nerve fibres in the white matter (WM), how to achieve desired drug distribution patterns, e.g., uniform distribution, is largely unknown. In this study, by adopting a mathematical model capable of capturing the diffusion trajectories of MNPs, we conducted a pilot study to investigate the effects of key parameters in the MNP delivery on the particle diffusion behaviours in the brain WM microstructures. The results show that (i) a uniform distribution of MNPs can be achieved in anisotropic tissues by adjusting the particle size and magnetic field; (ii) particle size plays a key role in determining MNPs’ diffusion behaviours. The magnitude of MNP equivalent diffusivity is reversely correlated to the particle size. The MNPs with a dimension greater than 90 nm cannot reach a uniform distribution in the brain WM even in an external magnitude field; (iii) axon tortuosity may lead to transversely anisotropic MNP transport in the brain WM; however, this effect can be mitigated by applying an external magnetic field perpendicular to the local axon track. This study not only advances understanding to answer the question of how to optimise MNP delivery, but also demonstrates the potential of mathematical modelling to help achieve desired drug distributions in biological tissues with a complex microstructure.
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spelling pubmed-99170522023-02-11 Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter Yuan, Tian Yang, Yi Zhan, Wenbo Dini, Daniele Int J Mol Sci Article Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a promising drug delivery system to treat brain diseases, as the particle transport trajectory can be manipulated by an external magnetic field. However, due to the complex microstructure of brain tissues, particularly the arrangement of nerve fibres in the white matter (WM), how to achieve desired drug distribution patterns, e.g., uniform distribution, is largely unknown. In this study, by adopting a mathematical model capable of capturing the diffusion trajectories of MNPs, we conducted a pilot study to investigate the effects of key parameters in the MNP delivery on the particle diffusion behaviours in the brain WM microstructures. The results show that (i) a uniform distribution of MNPs can be achieved in anisotropic tissues by adjusting the particle size and magnetic field; (ii) particle size plays a key role in determining MNPs’ diffusion behaviours. The magnitude of MNP equivalent diffusivity is reversely correlated to the particle size. The MNPs with a dimension greater than 90 nm cannot reach a uniform distribution in the brain WM even in an external magnitude field; (iii) axon tortuosity may lead to transversely anisotropic MNP transport in the brain WM; however, this effect can be mitigated by applying an external magnetic field perpendicular to the local axon track. This study not only advances understanding to answer the question of how to optimise MNP delivery, but also demonstrates the potential of mathematical modelling to help achieve desired drug distributions in biological tissues with a complex microstructure. MDPI 2023-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9917052/ /pubmed/36768857 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032534 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yuan, Tian
Yang, Yi
Zhan, Wenbo
Dini, Daniele
Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter
title Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter
title_full Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter
title_fullStr Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter
title_full_unstemmed Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter
title_short Mathematical Optimisation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Diffusion in the Brain White Matter
title_sort mathematical optimisation of magnetic nanoparticle diffusion in the brain white matter
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36768857
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032534
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