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Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil

Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) is a rare skin reaction characterized by the sudden onset of multiple, small, sterile, non-follicular pustules in an erythematous and edematous base succeeding systemic drug administration. ALEP is considered a subtype of Acute Generalized Exanthematou...

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Autores principales: Makris, Michael, Kanelleas, Antonios, Papapostolou, Niki, Pisimisi, Maria, Katoulis, Alexander C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769479
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030831
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author Makris, Michael
Kanelleas, Antonios
Papapostolou, Niki
Pisimisi, Maria
Katoulis, Alexander C.
author_facet Makris, Michael
Kanelleas, Antonios
Papapostolou, Niki
Pisimisi, Maria
Katoulis, Alexander C.
author_sort Makris, Michael
collection PubMed
description Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) is a rare skin reaction characterized by the sudden onset of multiple, small, sterile, non-follicular pustules in an erythematous and edematous base succeeding systemic drug administration. ALEP is considered a subtype of Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP), although the exact pathogenic mechanism of the disease remains poorly defined. Numerous drugs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALEP, while contact mechanisms have also been reported. Herein, we describe the first case of ALEP attributed to minoxidil in a female patient with androgenetic alopecia. The positivity of patch tests and the topical application of minoxidil proposes a contact-induced hypersensitivity reaction. Identifying new agents—including minoxidil—which serve as inducers of drug-specific T-cell-mediated responses in the clinical spectrum of ALEP, adds further value in understanding the complex, yet unknown, pathophysiological mechanisms of this rare drug hypersensitivity reaction.
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spelling pubmed-99174942023-02-11 Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil Makris, Michael Kanelleas, Antonios Papapostolou, Niki Pisimisi, Maria Katoulis, Alexander C. J Clin Med Case Report Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) is a rare skin reaction characterized by the sudden onset of multiple, small, sterile, non-follicular pustules in an erythematous and edematous base succeeding systemic drug administration. ALEP is considered a subtype of Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP), although the exact pathogenic mechanism of the disease remains poorly defined. Numerous drugs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALEP, while contact mechanisms have also been reported. Herein, we describe the first case of ALEP attributed to minoxidil in a female patient with androgenetic alopecia. The positivity of patch tests and the topical application of minoxidil proposes a contact-induced hypersensitivity reaction. Identifying new agents—including minoxidil—which serve as inducers of drug-specific T-cell-mediated responses in the clinical spectrum of ALEP, adds further value in understanding the complex, yet unknown, pathophysiological mechanisms of this rare drug hypersensitivity reaction. MDPI 2023-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9917494/ /pubmed/36769479 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030831 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Makris, Michael
Kanelleas, Antonios
Papapostolou, Niki
Pisimisi, Maria
Katoulis, Alexander C.
Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil
title Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil
title_full Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil
title_fullStr Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil
title_full_unstemmed Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil
title_short Acute Localized Exanthematous Pustulosis (ALEP) Caused by Topical Application of Minoxidil
title_sort acute localized exanthematous pustulosis (alep) caused by topical application of minoxidil
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769479
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030831
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