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Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study

Tooth fractures are a common cause of tooth loss, frequently starting as enamel cracks. However, methods for the detection of enamel cracks are poorly investigated. The aim of the study was the validation of three clinical methods for the detection of enamel cracks: dental operating microscope (DOM)...

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Autores principales: Hausdörfer, Tim, Harms, Lisa, Kanzow, Philipp, Hülsmann, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769621
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030973
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author Hausdörfer, Tim
Harms, Lisa
Kanzow, Philipp
Hülsmann, Michael
author_facet Hausdörfer, Tim
Harms, Lisa
Kanzow, Philipp
Hülsmann, Michael
author_sort Hausdörfer, Tim
collection PubMed
description Tooth fractures are a common cause of tooth loss, frequently starting as enamel cracks. However, methods for the detection of enamel cracks are poorly investigated. The aim of the study was the validation of three clinical methods for the detection of enamel cracks: dental operating microscope (DOM), near-infrared transillumination (NIR), and fiber-optic transillumination (FOTI), with hard-tissue slices serving as controls. A total of 89 extracted teeth, set up as diagnostic models, were investigated, and the maximum crack depth was scored by two examiners. The actual crack depth was determined microscopically (25×) using horizontal sections. The accuracy of each method was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Across all tooth surfaces, the area under the curve (AUC) amounted to 0.57 (DOM), 0.70 (FOTI), and 0.67 (NIR). For crack detection on vestibular/oral surfaces, the AUC was 0.61 (DOM), 0.78 (FOTI), and 0.74 (NIR); for proximal surfaces, it was 0.59 (DOM), 0.65 (FOTI), and 0.67 (NIR). However, the actual crack depth was underestimated with each method (p < 0.001). Under in vitro conditions, FOTI and NIR are suitable for detection of enamel cracks, especially on vestibular and oral tooth surfaces. However, an exact estimation of crack depth is not possible. Therefore, FOTI and NIR seem to be helpful for the clinical detection of enamel cracks.
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spelling pubmed-99175182023-02-11 Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study Hausdörfer, Tim Harms, Lisa Kanzow, Philipp Hülsmann, Michael J Clin Med Article Tooth fractures are a common cause of tooth loss, frequently starting as enamel cracks. However, methods for the detection of enamel cracks are poorly investigated. The aim of the study was the validation of three clinical methods for the detection of enamel cracks: dental operating microscope (DOM), near-infrared transillumination (NIR), and fiber-optic transillumination (FOTI), with hard-tissue slices serving as controls. A total of 89 extracted teeth, set up as diagnostic models, were investigated, and the maximum crack depth was scored by two examiners. The actual crack depth was determined microscopically (25×) using horizontal sections. The accuracy of each method was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Across all tooth surfaces, the area under the curve (AUC) amounted to 0.57 (DOM), 0.70 (FOTI), and 0.67 (NIR). For crack detection on vestibular/oral surfaces, the AUC was 0.61 (DOM), 0.78 (FOTI), and 0.74 (NIR); for proximal surfaces, it was 0.59 (DOM), 0.65 (FOTI), and 0.67 (NIR). However, the actual crack depth was underestimated with each method (p < 0.001). Under in vitro conditions, FOTI and NIR are suitable for detection of enamel cracks, especially on vestibular and oral tooth surfaces. However, an exact estimation of crack depth is not possible. Therefore, FOTI and NIR seem to be helpful for the clinical detection of enamel cracks. MDPI 2023-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9917518/ /pubmed/36769621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030973 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hausdörfer, Tim
Harms, Lisa
Kanzow, Philipp
Hülsmann, Michael
Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study
title Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study
title_full Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study
title_fullStr Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study
title_full_unstemmed Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study
title_short Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study
title_sort three visual–diagnostic methods for the detection of enamel cracks: an in vitro study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769621
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030973
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