Cargando…
An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11–13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the mat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917981/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769803 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031155 |
_version_ | 1784886499643228160 |
---|---|
author | Gámez, Sara Cobo, Jesus Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell Coronas, Ramón Parra, Isabel Oliva, Joan Carles Àlvarez, Aida Esteba-Castillo, Susanna Giménez-Palop, Olga Corripio, Raquel Palao, Diego J. Caixàs, Assumpta |
author_facet | Gámez, Sara Cobo, Jesus Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell Coronas, Ramón Parra, Isabel Oliva, Joan Carles Àlvarez, Aida Esteba-Castillo, Susanna Giménez-Palop, Olga Corripio, Raquel Palao, Diego J. Caixàs, Assumpta |
author_sort | Gámez, Sara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11–13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio (MaTtEr) has been suggested to play an important role in the development of the ‘social brain’ during pregnancy. Some studies propose the 2D:4D digit ratio of the hand as an indirect MaTtEr measure. The relationship between social performance and MaTtEr has been studied in other neurodevelopmental conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but to our best knowledge, it has never been studied in PWS. Therefore, our study aims to clarify the possible existence of a relationship between social performance—as measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)—and MaTtEr levels using the 2D:4D ratio. We found that, as a group, PWS individuals have shorter index and ring fingers than the control group, but no significant difference in the 2D:4D ratios. The 2D:4D ratio showed a correlation only with Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior Subscale, where a positive correlation only for male individuals with PWS was found. Considering only PWS with previous GH treatment during childhood/adolescence (PWS-GH), index and ring fingers did not show differences in length with the control group, but the 2D:4D ratio was significantly higher in the right or dominant hand compared to controls. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9917981 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99179812023-02-11 An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome Gámez, Sara Cobo, Jesus Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell Coronas, Ramón Parra, Isabel Oliva, Joan Carles Àlvarez, Aida Esteba-Castillo, Susanna Giménez-Palop, Olga Corripio, Raquel Palao, Diego J. Caixàs, Assumpta J Clin Med Article Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11–13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio (MaTtEr) has been suggested to play an important role in the development of the ‘social brain’ during pregnancy. Some studies propose the 2D:4D digit ratio of the hand as an indirect MaTtEr measure. The relationship between social performance and MaTtEr has been studied in other neurodevelopmental conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but to our best knowledge, it has never been studied in PWS. Therefore, our study aims to clarify the possible existence of a relationship between social performance—as measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)—and MaTtEr levels using the 2D:4D ratio. We found that, as a group, PWS individuals have shorter index and ring fingers than the control group, but no significant difference in the 2D:4D ratios. The 2D:4D ratio showed a correlation only with Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior Subscale, where a positive correlation only for male individuals with PWS was found. Considering only PWS with previous GH treatment during childhood/adolescence (PWS-GH), index and ring fingers did not show differences in length with the control group, but the 2D:4D ratio was significantly higher in the right or dominant hand compared to controls. MDPI 2023-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9917981/ /pubmed/36769803 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031155 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gámez, Sara Cobo, Jesus Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell Coronas, Ramón Parra, Isabel Oliva, Joan Carles Àlvarez, Aida Esteba-Castillo, Susanna Giménez-Palop, Olga Corripio, Raquel Palao, Diego J. Caixàs, Assumpta An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome |
title | An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome |
title_full | An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome |
title_fullStr | An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed | An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome |
title_short | An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome |
title_sort | exploratory analysis on the 2d:4d digit ratio and its relationship with social responsiveness in adults with prader–willi syndrome |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917981/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769803 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031155 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gamezsara anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT cobojesus anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT fernandezlafittemeritxell anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT coronasramon anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT parraisabel anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT olivajoancarles anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT alvarezaida anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT estebacastillosusanna anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT gimenezpalopolga anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT corripioraquel anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT palaodiegoj anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT caixasassumpta anexploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT gamezsara exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT cobojesus exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT fernandezlafittemeritxell exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT coronasramon exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT parraisabel exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT olivajoancarles exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT alvarezaida exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT estebacastillosusanna exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT gimenezpalopolga exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT corripioraquel exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT palaodiegoj exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome AT caixasassumpta exploratoryanalysisonthe2d4ddigitratioanditsrelationshipwithsocialresponsivenessinadultswithpraderwillisyndrome |