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An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11–13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the mat...

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Autores principales: Gámez, Sara, Cobo, Jesus, Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell, Coronas, Ramón, Parra, Isabel, Oliva, Joan Carles, Àlvarez, Aida, Esteba-Castillo, Susanna, Giménez-Palop, Olga, Corripio, Raquel, Palao, Diego J., Caixàs, Assumpta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769803
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031155
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author Gámez, Sara
Cobo, Jesus
Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell
Coronas, Ramón
Parra, Isabel
Oliva, Joan Carles
Àlvarez, Aida
Esteba-Castillo, Susanna
Giménez-Palop, Olga
Corripio, Raquel
Palao, Diego J.
Caixàs, Assumpta
author_facet Gámez, Sara
Cobo, Jesus
Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell
Coronas, Ramón
Parra, Isabel
Oliva, Joan Carles
Àlvarez, Aida
Esteba-Castillo, Susanna
Giménez-Palop, Olga
Corripio, Raquel
Palao, Diego J.
Caixàs, Assumpta
author_sort Gámez, Sara
collection PubMed
description Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11–13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio (MaTtEr) has been suggested to play an important role in the development of the ‘social brain’ during pregnancy. Some studies propose the 2D:4D digit ratio of the hand as an indirect MaTtEr measure. The relationship between social performance and MaTtEr has been studied in other neurodevelopmental conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but to our best knowledge, it has never been studied in PWS. Therefore, our study aims to clarify the possible existence of a relationship between social performance—as measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)—and MaTtEr levels using the 2D:4D ratio. We found that, as a group, PWS individuals have shorter index and ring fingers than the control group, but no significant difference in the 2D:4D ratios. The 2D:4D ratio showed a correlation only with Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior Subscale, where a positive correlation only for male individuals with PWS was found. Considering only PWS with previous GH treatment during childhood/adolescence (PWS-GH), index and ring fingers did not show differences in length with the control group, but the 2D:4D ratio was significantly higher in the right or dominant hand compared to controls.
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spelling pubmed-99179812023-02-11 An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome Gámez, Sara Cobo, Jesus Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell Coronas, Ramón Parra, Isabel Oliva, Joan Carles Àlvarez, Aida Esteba-Castillo, Susanna Giménez-Palop, Olga Corripio, Raquel Palao, Diego J. Caixàs, Assumpta J Clin Med Article Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11–13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio (MaTtEr) has been suggested to play an important role in the development of the ‘social brain’ during pregnancy. Some studies propose the 2D:4D digit ratio of the hand as an indirect MaTtEr measure. The relationship between social performance and MaTtEr has been studied in other neurodevelopmental conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but to our best knowledge, it has never been studied in PWS. Therefore, our study aims to clarify the possible existence of a relationship between social performance—as measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)—and MaTtEr levels using the 2D:4D ratio. We found that, as a group, PWS individuals have shorter index and ring fingers than the control group, but no significant difference in the 2D:4D ratios. The 2D:4D ratio showed a correlation only with Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior Subscale, where a positive correlation only for male individuals with PWS was found. Considering only PWS with previous GH treatment during childhood/adolescence (PWS-GH), index and ring fingers did not show differences in length with the control group, but the 2D:4D ratio was significantly higher in the right or dominant hand compared to controls. MDPI 2023-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9917981/ /pubmed/36769803 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031155 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gámez, Sara
Cobo, Jesus
Fernández-Lafitte, Meritxell
Coronas, Ramón
Parra, Isabel
Oliva, Joan Carles
Àlvarez, Aida
Esteba-Castillo, Susanna
Giménez-Palop, Olga
Corripio, Raquel
Palao, Diego J.
Caixàs, Assumpta
An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
title An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
title_full An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
title_fullStr An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
title_short An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
title_sort exploratory analysis on the 2d:4d digit ratio and its relationship with social responsiveness in adults with prader–willi syndrome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769803
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031155
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