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The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes

As it is well known, messenger RNA has many regulatory regions along its sequence length. One of them is the 5′ untranslated region (5’UTR), which itself contains many regulatory elements such as upstream ORFs (uORFs), internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs), microRNA binding sites, and structural com...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ryczek, Natalia, Łyś, Aneta, Makałowska, Izabela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917990/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032976
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author Ryczek, Natalia
Łyś, Aneta
Makałowska, Izabela
author_facet Ryczek, Natalia
Łyś, Aneta
Makałowska, Izabela
author_sort Ryczek, Natalia
collection PubMed
description As it is well known, messenger RNA has many regulatory regions along its sequence length. One of them is the 5′ untranslated region (5’UTR), which itself contains many regulatory elements such as upstream ORFs (uORFs), internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs), microRNA binding sites, and structural components involved in the regulation of mRNA stability, pre-mRNA splicing, and translation initiation. Activation of the alternative, more upstream transcription start site leads to an extension of 5′UTR. One of the consequences of 5′UTRs extension may be head-to-head gene overlap. This review describes elements in 5′UTR of protein-coding transcripts and the functional significance of protein-coding genes 5′ overlap with implications for transcription, translation, and disease.
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spelling pubmed-99179902023-02-11 The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes Ryczek, Natalia Łyś, Aneta Makałowska, Izabela Int J Mol Sci Review As it is well known, messenger RNA has many regulatory regions along its sequence length. One of them is the 5′ untranslated region (5’UTR), which itself contains many regulatory elements such as upstream ORFs (uORFs), internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs), microRNA binding sites, and structural components involved in the regulation of mRNA stability, pre-mRNA splicing, and translation initiation. Activation of the alternative, more upstream transcription start site leads to an extension of 5′UTR. One of the consequences of 5′UTRs extension may be head-to-head gene overlap. This review describes elements in 5′UTR of protein-coding transcripts and the functional significance of protein-coding genes 5′ overlap with implications for transcription, translation, and disease. MDPI 2023-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9917990/ /pubmed/36769304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032976 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ryczek, Natalia
Łyś, Aneta
Makałowska, Izabela
The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes
title The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes
title_full The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes
title_fullStr The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes
title_full_unstemmed The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes
title_short The Functional Meaning of 5′UTR in Protein-Coding Genes
title_sort functional meaning of 5′utr in protein-coding genes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9917990/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36769304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032976
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