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A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT
Particle size and morphology analysis is a problem common to a wide range of applications, including additive manufacturing, geological and agricultural materials’ characterisation, food manufacturing and pharmaceuticals. Here, we review the use of microfocus X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) for...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9920517/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36770266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031259 |
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author | Behnsen, Julia G. Black, Kate Houghton, James E. Worden, Richard H. |
author_facet | Behnsen, Julia G. Black, Kate Houghton, James E. Worden, Richard H. |
author_sort | Behnsen, Julia G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Particle size and morphology analysis is a problem common to a wide range of applications, including additive manufacturing, geological and agricultural materials’ characterisation, food manufacturing and pharmaceuticals. Here, we review the use of microfocus X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) for particle analysis. We give an overview of different sample preparation methods, image processing protocols, the morphology parameters that can be determined, and types of materials that are suitable for analysis of particle sizes using X-ray CT. The main conclusion is that size and shape parameters can be determined for particles larger than approximately 2 to 3 [Formula: see text] m, given adequate resolution of the X-ray CT setup. Particles composed of high atomic number materials (Z > 40) require careful sample preparation to ensure X-ray transmission. Problems occur when particles with a broad range of sizes are closely packed together, or when particles are fused (sintered or cemented). The use of X-ray CT for particle size analysis promises to become increasingly widespread, offering measurements of size, shape, and porosity of large numbers of particles within one X-ray CT scan. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9920517 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99205172023-02-12 A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT Behnsen, Julia G. Black, Kate Houghton, James E. Worden, Richard H. Materials (Basel) Review Particle size and morphology analysis is a problem common to a wide range of applications, including additive manufacturing, geological and agricultural materials’ characterisation, food manufacturing and pharmaceuticals. Here, we review the use of microfocus X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) for particle analysis. We give an overview of different sample preparation methods, image processing protocols, the morphology parameters that can be determined, and types of materials that are suitable for analysis of particle sizes using X-ray CT. The main conclusion is that size and shape parameters can be determined for particles larger than approximately 2 to 3 [Formula: see text] m, given adequate resolution of the X-ray CT setup. Particles composed of high atomic number materials (Z > 40) require careful sample preparation to ensure X-ray transmission. Problems occur when particles with a broad range of sizes are closely packed together, or when particles are fused (sintered or cemented). The use of X-ray CT for particle size analysis promises to become increasingly widespread, offering measurements of size, shape, and porosity of large numbers of particles within one X-ray CT scan. MDPI 2023-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9920517/ /pubmed/36770266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031259 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Behnsen, Julia G. Black, Kate Houghton, James E. Worden, Richard H. A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT |
title | A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT |
title_full | A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT |
title_fullStr | A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT |
title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT |
title_short | A Review of Particle Size Analysis with X-ray CT |
title_sort | review of particle size analysis with x-ray ct |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9920517/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36770266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031259 |
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