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Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique based on the injection of a current or voltage pattern through electrodes on the skin of the patient, and on the reconstruction of the internal conductivity distribution from the voltages collected by the electrodes. Compared to ot...

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Autores principales: Pennati, Francesca, Angelucci, Alessandra, Morelli, Letizia, Bardini, Susanna, Barzanti, Elena, Cavallini, Federico, Conelli, Antonello, Di Federico, Gaia, Paganelli, Chiara, Aliverti, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9921522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36772222
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031182
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author Pennati, Francesca
Angelucci, Alessandra
Morelli, Letizia
Bardini, Susanna
Barzanti, Elena
Cavallini, Federico
Conelli, Antonello
Di Federico, Gaia
Paganelli, Chiara
Aliverti, Andrea
author_facet Pennati, Francesca
Angelucci, Alessandra
Morelli, Letizia
Bardini, Susanna
Barzanti, Elena
Cavallini, Federico
Conelli, Antonello
Di Federico, Gaia
Paganelli, Chiara
Aliverti, Andrea
author_sort Pennati, Francesca
collection PubMed
description Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique based on the injection of a current or voltage pattern through electrodes on the skin of the patient, and on the reconstruction of the internal conductivity distribution from the voltages collected by the electrodes. Compared to other imaging techniques, EIT shows significant advantages: it does not use ionizing radiation, is non-invasive and is characterized by high temporal resolution. Moreover, its low cost and high portability make it suitable for real-time, bedside monitoring. However, EIT is also characterized by some technical limitations that cause poor spatial resolution. The possibility to design wearable devices based on EIT has recently given a boost to this technology. In this paper we reviewed EIT physical principles, hardware design and major clinical applications, from the classical to a wearable setup. A wireless and wearable EIT system seems a promising frontier of this technology, as it can both facilitate making clinical measurements and open novel scenarios to EIT systems, such as home monitoring.
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spelling pubmed-99215222023-02-12 Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables Pennati, Francesca Angelucci, Alessandra Morelli, Letizia Bardini, Susanna Barzanti, Elena Cavallini, Federico Conelli, Antonello Di Federico, Gaia Paganelli, Chiara Aliverti, Andrea Sensors (Basel) Review Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique based on the injection of a current or voltage pattern through electrodes on the skin of the patient, and on the reconstruction of the internal conductivity distribution from the voltages collected by the electrodes. Compared to other imaging techniques, EIT shows significant advantages: it does not use ionizing radiation, is non-invasive and is characterized by high temporal resolution. Moreover, its low cost and high portability make it suitable for real-time, bedside monitoring. However, EIT is also characterized by some technical limitations that cause poor spatial resolution. The possibility to design wearable devices based on EIT has recently given a boost to this technology. In this paper we reviewed EIT physical principles, hardware design and major clinical applications, from the classical to a wearable setup. A wireless and wearable EIT system seems a promising frontier of this technology, as it can both facilitate making clinical measurements and open novel scenarios to EIT systems, such as home monitoring. MDPI 2023-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9921522/ /pubmed/36772222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031182 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pennati, Francesca
Angelucci, Alessandra
Morelli, Letizia
Bardini, Susanna
Barzanti, Elena
Cavallini, Federico
Conelli, Antonello
Di Federico, Gaia
Paganelli, Chiara
Aliverti, Andrea
Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables
title Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables
title_full Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables
title_fullStr Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables
title_full_unstemmed Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables
title_short Electrical Impedance Tomography: From the Traditional Design to the Novel Frontier of Wearables
title_sort electrical impedance tomography: from the traditional design to the novel frontier of wearables
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9921522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36772222
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031182
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