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Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa
BACKGROUND: In the past several decades, obesity has become a major public health issue worldwide, associated with increased rates of chronic disease and death. Like many developing nations, South Africa is experiencing rapid increases in BMI, and as a result, evidence-based preventive strategies ar...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9922494/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36788809 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14723 |
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author | Smith, Mackenzie H. Myrick, Justin W. Oyageshio, Oshiomah Uren, Caitlin Saayman, Jamie Boolay, Sihaam van der Westhuizen, Lena Werely, Cedric Möller, Marlo Henn, Brenna M. Reynolds, Austin W. |
author_facet | Smith, Mackenzie H. Myrick, Justin W. Oyageshio, Oshiomah Uren, Caitlin Saayman, Jamie Boolay, Sihaam van der Westhuizen, Lena Werely, Cedric Möller, Marlo Henn, Brenna M. Reynolds, Austin W. |
author_sort | Smith, Mackenzie H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In the past several decades, obesity has become a major public health issue worldwide, associated with increased rates of chronic disease and death. Like many developing nations, South Africa is experiencing rapid increases in BMI, and as a result, evidence-based preventive strategies are needed to reduce the increasing burden of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity among a multi-ethnic cohort from the rural Northern Cape of South Africa. METHODS: These data were collected as part of a tuberculosis (TB) case-control study, with 395 healthy control participants included in the final analysis. Overweight and obesity were defined according to WHO classification. Multivariate linear models of BMI were generated using sex, age, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes as predictor variables. We also used multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship of these factors with overweight and obesity. RESULTS: The average BMI in our study cohort was 25.2. The prevalence of overweight was 18.0% and the prevalence of obesity was 25.0%. We find that female sex, being older, having more years of formal education, having diabetes, and being in a rural area are all positively associated with BMI in our dataset. Women (OR = 5.6, 95% CI [3.3–9.8]), rural individuals (OR = 3.3, 95% CI [1.9–6.0]), older individuals (OR = 1.02, 95% CI [1–1.04]), and those with more years of education (OR = 1.2, 95% CI [1.09–1.32]) were all more likely to be overweight or obese. Alternatively, being a smoker is negatively associated with BMI and decreases one’s odds of being overweight or obese (OR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.16–0.46]). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this study. The odds of being overweight and obese were higher in women, those living in rural areas, and those with more education, and increases with age. Community-based interventions to control obesity in this region should pay special attention to these groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9922494 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99224942023-02-13 Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa Smith, Mackenzie H. Myrick, Justin W. Oyageshio, Oshiomah Uren, Caitlin Saayman, Jamie Boolay, Sihaam van der Westhuizen, Lena Werely, Cedric Möller, Marlo Henn, Brenna M. Reynolds, Austin W. PeerJ Epidemiology BACKGROUND: In the past several decades, obesity has become a major public health issue worldwide, associated with increased rates of chronic disease and death. Like many developing nations, South Africa is experiencing rapid increases in BMI, and as a result, evidence-based preventive strategies are needed to reduce the increasing burden of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity among a multi-ethnic cohort from the rural Northern Cape of South Africa. METHODS: These data were collected as part of a tuberculosis (TB) case-control study, with 395 healthy control participants included in the final analysis. Overweight and obesity were defined according to WHO classification. Multivariate linear models of BMI were generated using sex, age, education level, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes as predictor variables. We also used multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship of these factors with overweight and obesity. RESULTS: The average BMI in our study cohort was 25.2. The prevalence of overweight was 18.0% and the prevalence of obesity was 25.0%. We find that female sex, being older, having more years of formal education, having diabetes, and being in a rural area are all positively associated with BMI in our dataset. Women (OR = 5.6, 95% CI [3.3–9.8]), rural individuals (OR = 3.3, 95% CI [1.9–6.0]), older individuals (OR = 1.02, 95% CI [1–1.04]), and those with more years of education (OR = 1.2, 95% CI [1.09–1.32]) were all more likely to be overweight or obese. Alternatively, being a smoker is negatively associated with BMI and decreases one’s odds of being overweight or obese (OR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.16–0.46]). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this study. The odds of being overweight and obese were higher in women, those living in rural areas, and those with more education, and increases with age. Community-based interventions to control obesity in this region should pay special attention to these groups. PeerJ Inc. 2023-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9922494/ /pubmed/36788809 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14723 Text en © 2023 Smith et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Epidemiology Smith, Mackenzie H. Myrick, Justin W. Oyageshio, Oshiomah Uren, Caitlin Saayman, Jamie Boolay, Sihaam van der Westhuizen, Lena Werely, Cedric Möller, Marlo Henn, Brenna M. Reynolds, Austin W. Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa |
title | Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa |
title_full | Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa |
title_fullStr | Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa |
title_short | Epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa |
title_sort | epidemiological correlates of overweight and obesity in the northern cape province, south africa |
topic | Epidemiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9922494/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36788809 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14723 |
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