Selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing results for urine cultures: feasibility and acceptability by general practitioners and laboratory professionals in France

BACKGROUND: Selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) is a recommended antibiotic stewardship strategy, aiming at reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions. OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to evaluate (i) the feasibility of the implementation of selective reporting of AST for urine cultures for laboratory professionals; and (ii) its acceptability by prescribers and laboratory professionals, to explore facilitators and barriers to its potential implementation on a national scale. METHODS: As part of the ‘ANTIBIO-ciblés’ interventional study (north-eastern France, August 2018–December 2019), we prospectively collected quantitative data on all resources dedicated by the laboratories of the intervention group to implement selective reporting of AST for Escherichia coli-positive urine cultures, and on the numbers and reasons of complete reporting of AST the prescribers requested to the laboratories. We also collected qualitative data using semi-structured interviews and focus groups of GPs and laboratory professionals. RESULTS: The implementation of selective reporting of AST required around 80 h and cost 23 000 euros. All interviewed professionals were favourable toward the principle of this tool. Most of them found it clear, simple and useful to improve the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions and reduce antibiotic resistance. Its major constraint was the necessity for GPs to call the laboratory to obtain the complete reporting of AST, but the number of requests was actually low (1.2% of all selective reporting of AST). CONCLUSIONS: Selective reporting of AST resulted in reasonable human and financial costs, and was well accepted by both GPs and laboratory professionals.