Cargando…
Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives
The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises a variety of immune cells, among which T cells exert a prominent axial role in tumor development or anti-tumor responses in patients with breast cancer (BC). High or low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor β, in the abs...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9922830/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36816749 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omto.2023.01.001 |
_version_ | 1784887612852404224 |
---|---|
author | Seif, Farhad Torki, Zahra Zalpoor, Hamidreza Habibi, Mehran Pornour, Majid |
author_facet | Seif, Farhad Torki, Zahra Zalpoor, Hamidreza Habibi, Mehran Pornour, Majid |
author_sort | Seif, Farhad |
collection | PubMed |
description | The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises a variety of immune cells, among which T cells exert a prominent axial role in tumor development or anti-tumor responses in patients with breast cancer (BC). High or low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor β, in the absence or presence of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), delineate the fate of T cells toward either regulatory T (Treg) or T helper 17 (Th17) cells, respectively. The transitional state of RORγt(+)Foxp3(+) Treg (IL-17-producing Treg) resides in the middle of this reciprocal polarization, which is known as Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis. TME secretome, including microRNAs, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, can significantly affect this axis. Furthermore, immune checkpoint inhibitors may be used to reconstruct immune cells; however, some of these novel therapies may favor tumor development. Therefore, understanding secretory and cell-associated factors involved in their differentiation or polarization and functions may be targeted for BC management. This review discusses microRNAs, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles (as secretome), as well as transcription factors and immune checkpoints (as cell-associated factors), which influence the Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis in BC. Furthermore, approved or ongoing clinical trials related to the modulation of this axis in the TME of BC are described to broaden new horizons of promising therapeutic approaches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9922830 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99228302023-02-16 Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives Seif, Farhad Torki, Zahra Zalpoor, Hamidreza Habibi, Mehran Pornour, Majid Mol Ther Oncolytics Review The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises a variety of immune cells, among which T cells exert a prominent axial role in tumor development or anti-tumor responses in patients with breast cancer (BC). High or low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor β, in the absence or presence of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), delineate the fate of T cells toward either regulatory T (Treg) or T helper 17 (Th17) cells, respectively. The transitional state of RORγt(+)Foxp3(+) Treg (IL-17-producing Treg) resides in the middle of this reciprocal polarization, which is known as Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis. TME secretome, including microRNAs, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, can significantly affect this axis. Furthermore, immune checkpoint inhibitors may be used to reconstruct immune cells; however, some of these novel therapies may favor tumor development. Therefore, understanding secretory and cell-associated factors involved in their differentiation or polarization and functions may be targeted for BC management. This review discusses microRNAs, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles (as secretome), as well as transcription factors and immune checkpoints (as cell-associated factors), which influence the Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis in BC. Furthermore, approved or ongoing clinical trials related to the modulation of this axis in the TME of BC are described to broaden new horizons of promising therapeutic approaches. American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy 2023-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9922830/ /pubmed/36816749 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omto.2023.01.001 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Seif, Farhad Torki, Zahra Zalpoor, Hamidreza Habibi, Mehran Pornour, Majid Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
title | Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
title_full | Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
title_fullStr | Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed | Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
title_short | Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
title_sort | breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects treg/il-17-producing treg/th17 cell axis: molecular and therapeutic perspectives |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9922830/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36816749 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omto.2023.01.001 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT seiffarhad breastcancertumormicroenvironmentaffectstregil17producingtregth17cellaxismolecularandtherapeuticperspectives AT torkizahra breastcancertumormicroenvironmentaffectstregil17producingtregth17cellaxismolecularandtherapeuticperspectives AT zalpoorhamidreza breastcancertumormicroenvironmentaffectstregil17producingtregth17cellaxismolecularandtherapeuticperspectives AT habibimehran breastcancertumormicroenvironmentaffectstregil17producingtregth17cellaxismolecularandtherapeuticperspectives AT pornourmajid breastcancertumormicroenvironmentaffectstregil17producingtregth17cellaxismolecularandtherapeuticperspectives |