Heterotopic pregnancy after assisted reproductive techniques with favorable outcome of the intrauterine pregnancy: A case report

BACKGROUND: Heterotopic pregnancy (HP) is a rare condition in which both ectopic and intrauterine pregnancies occur. HP is uncommon after natural conception but has recently received more attention due to the widespread use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) such as ovulation promotion therapy. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we describe a case of HP that occurred after ART with concurrent tubal and intrauterine singleton pregnancies. This was treated successfully with surgery to preserve the intrauterine pregnancy, resulting in the birth of a low-weight premature infant. This case report aims to increase awareness of the possibility of HP during routine first-trimester ultrasound examinations, especially in pregnancies resulting from ART and even if multiple intrauterine pregnancies are present. CONCLUSION: This case alerts us to the importance of comprehensive data collection during regular consultations. It is important for us to remind ourselves of the possibility of HP in all patients presenting after ART, especially in women with an established and stable intrauterine pregnancy that complain of constant abdominal discomfort and also in women with an unusually raised human chorionic gonadotropin level compared with simplex intrauterine pregnancy. This will allow symptomatic and timeous treatment of patients with better results.