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The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND: The intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes has already been proved to reverse osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been found to regulate the biogenic function of MSCs. However, the effect of PEMF on MSC-derived...

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Autores principales: Xu, Yang, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiang-Xiu, Xiang, Xiao-Na, Peng, Jia-Lei, He, Cheng-Qi, He, Hong-Chen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36377077
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19476035221137726
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author Xu, Yang
Wang, Qian
Wang, Xiang-Xiu
Xiang, Xiao-Na
Peng, Jia-Lei
He, Cheng-Qi
He, Hong-Chen
author_facet Xu, Yang
Wang, Qian
Wang, Xiang-Xiu
Xiang, Xiao-Na
Peng, Jia-Lei
He, Cheng-Qi
He, Hong-Chen
author_sort Xu, Yang
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes has already been proved to reverse osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been found to regulate the biogenic function of MSCs. However, the effect of PEMF on MSC-derived exosomes has not yet been characterized. The aim of this study was to elucidate the regulatory role of different frequencies of PEMF in promoting the osteoarthritic cartilage regeneration of MSC-derived exosomes. METHODS: The adipose tissue–derived MSCs (AMSCs) were extracted from the epididymal fat of healthy rats and further exposed to the PEMF at 1 mT amplitude and a frequency of 15, 45, and 75 Hz, respectively, in an incubator. The chondrocytes were treated with interlukin-1β (IL-1β) and the regenerative effect of co-culturing with PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes was assessed via Western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and ELISA assays. A rat model of osteoarthritis was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery and received 4 times intra-articular injection of PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes once a week. After 8 weeks, the knee joint specimens of rats were collected for micro–computed tomography and histologic analyses. RESULTS: PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes could be endocytosed with IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Compared with the AMSC-derived exosomes alone, the PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes substantially suppressed the inflammation and extracellular matrix degeneration of IL-1β-induced chondrocytes as shown by higher expression of transcripts and proteins of COL2A1, SOX9, and ACAN and lower expression of MMP13 and caspase-1. Of these, the 75-Hz PEMF presented a more significant inhibitive effect than the 15-Hz and 45-Hz PEMFs. Furthermore, the intra-articular injection of 75-Hz PEMF-exposed exosomes could obviously increase the number of tibial epiphyseal trabeculae, lead to a remarkable decrease in Osteoarthritis Research Society International score, and upregulate the COL2A1 and ACAN protein level of the degenerated cartilage. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that PEMF stimulation could effectively promote the regeneration effects of AMSC-derived exosomes on osteoarthritic cartilage. Compared with other frequency parameters, the PEMF at a frequency of 75 Hz showed a superior positive effect on AMSC-derived exosomes in suppressing the IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and extracellular matrix catabolism, as well as the osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration.
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spelling pubmed-99249772023-02-14 The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis Xu, Yang Wang, Qian Wang, Xiang-Xiu Xiang, Xiao-Na Peng, Jia-Lei He, Cheng-Qi He, Hong-Chen Cartilage Basic Research Articles BACKGROUND: The intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes has already been proved to reverse osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been found to regulate the biogenic function of MSCs. However, the effect of PEMF on MSC-derived exosomes has not yet been characterized. The aim of this study was to elucidate the regulatory role of different frequencies of PEMF in promoting the osteoarthritic cartilage regeneration of MSC-derived exosomes. METHODS: The adipose tissue–derived MSCs (AMSCs) were extracted from the epididymal fat of healthy rats and further exposed to the PEMF at 1 mT amplitude and a frequency of 15, 45, and 75 Hz, respectively, in an incubator. The chondrocytes were treated with interlukin-1β (IL-1β) and the regenerative effect of co-culturing with PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes was assessed via Western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and ELISA assays. A rat model of osteoarthritis was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery and received 4 times intra-articular injection of PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes once a week. After 8 weeks, the knee joint specimens of rats were collected for micro–computed tomography and histologic analyses. RESULTS: PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes could be endocytosed with IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Compared with the AMSC-derived exosomes alone, the PEMF-exposed AMSC-derived exosomes substantially suppressed the inflammation and extracellular matrix degeneration of IL-1β-induced chondrocytes as shown by higher expression of transcripts and proteins of COL2A1, SOX9, and ACAN and lower expression of MMP13 and caspase-1. Of these, the 75-Hz PEMF presented a more significant inhibitive effect than the 15-Hz and 45-Hz PEMFs. Furthermore, the intra-articular injection of 75-Hz PEMF-exposed exosomes could obviously increase the number of tibial epiphyseal trabeculae, lead to a remarkable decrease in Osteoarthritis Research Society International score, and upregulate the COL2A1 and ACAN protein level of the degenerated cartilage. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that PEMF stimulation could effectively promote the regeneration effects of AMSC-derived exosomes on osteoarthritic cartilage. Compared with other frequency parameters, the PEMF at a frequency of 75 Hz showed a superior positive effect on AMSC-derived exosomes in suppressing the IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and extracellular matrix catabolism, as well as the osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration. SAGE Publications 2022-11-14 2022-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9924977/ /pubmed/36377077 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19476035221137726 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Basic Research Articles
Xu, Yang
Wang, Qian
Wang, Xiang-Xiu
Xiang, Xiao-Na
Peng, Jia-Lei
He, Cheng-Qi
He, Hong-Chen
The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis
title The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis
title_full The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis
title_fullStr The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis
title_short The Effect of Different Frequencies of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Cartilage Repair of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Osteoarthritis
title_sort effect of different frequencies of pulsed electromagnetic fields on cartilage repair of adipose mesenchymal stem cell–derived exosomes in osteoarthritis
topic Basic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36377077
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19476035221137726
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