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RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study
Down syndrome is a common genetic disorder caused by partial or complete triplication of chromosome 21. This syndrome shows an overall and progressive impairment of olfactory function, detected early in adulthood. The olfactory neuronal cells are located in the nasal olfactory mucosa and represent t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9925603/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36394661 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06500-2 |
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author | Brozzetti, Lorenzo Scambi, Ilaria Bertoldi, Loris Zanini, Alice Malacrida, Giorgio Sacchetto, Luca Baldassa, Lucia Benvenuto, Giuseppe Mariotti, Raffaella Zanusso, Gianluigi Cecchini, Maria Paola |
author_facet | Brozzetti, Lorenzo Scambi, Ilaria Bertoldi, Loris Zanini, Alice Malacrida, Giorgio Sacchetto, Luca Baldassa, Lucia Benvenuto, Giuseppe Mariotti, Raffaella Zanusso, Gianluigi Cecchini, Maria Paola |
author_sort | Brozzetti, Lorenzo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Down syndrome is a common genetic disorder caused by partial or complete triplication of chromosome 21. This syndrome shows an overall and progressive impairment of olfactory function, detected early in adulthood. The olfactory neuronal cells are located in the nasal olfactory mucosa and represent the first sensory neurons of the olfactory pathway. Herein, we applied the olfactory swabbing procedure to allow a gentle collection of olfactory epithelial cells in seven individuals with Down syndrome and in ten euploid controls. The aim of this research was to investigate the peripheral gene expression pattern in olfactory epithelial cells through RNAseq analysis. Validated tests (Sniffin’ Sticks Extended test) were used to assess olfactory function. Olfactory scores were correlated with RNAseq results and cognitive scores (Vineland II and Leiter scales). All Down syndrome individuals showed both olfactory deficit and intellectual disability. Down syndrome individuals and euploid controls exhibited clear expression differences in genes located in and outside the chromosome 21. In addition, a significant correlation was found between olfactory test scores and gene expression, while a non-significant correlation emerged between olfactory and cognitive scores. This first preliminary step gives new insights into the Down syndrome olfactory system research, starting from the olfactory neuroepithelium, the first cellular step on the olfactory way. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10072-022-06500-2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9925603 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99256032023-02-15 RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study Brozzetti, Lorenzo Scambi, Ilaria Bertoldi, Loris Zanini, Alice Malacrida, Giorgio Sacchetto, Luca Baldassa, Lucia Benvenuto, Giuseppe Mariotti, Raffaella Zanusso, Gianluigi Cecchini, Maria Paola Neurol Sci Original Article Down syndrome is a common genetic disorder caused by partial or complete triplication of chromosome 21. This syndrome shows an overall and progressive impairment of olfactory function, detected early in adulthood. The olfactory neuronal cells are located in the nasal olfactory mucosa and represent the first sensory neurons of the olfactory pathway. Herein, we applied the olfactory swabbing procedure to allow a gentle collection of olfactory epithelial cells in seven individuals with Down syndrome and in ten euploid controls. The aim of this research was to investigate the peripheral gene expression pattern in olfactory epithelial cells through RNAseq analysis. Validated tests (Sniffin’ Sticks Extended test) were used to assess olfactory function. Olfactory scores were correlated with RNAseq results and cognitive scores (Vineland II and Leiter scales). All Down syndrome individuals showed both olfactory deficit and intellectual disability. Down syndrome individuals and euploid controls exhibited clear expression differences in genes located in and outside the chromosome 21. In addition, a significant correlation was found between olfactory test scores and gene expression, while a non-significant correlation emerged between olfactory and cognitive scores. This first preliminary step gives new insights into the Down syndrome olfactory system research, starting from the olfactory neuroepithelium, the first cellular step on the olfactory way. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10072-022-06500-2. Springer International Publishing 2022-11-17 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9925603/ /pubmed/36394661 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06500-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Brozzetti, Lorenzo Scambi, Ilaria Bertoldi, Loris Zanini, Alice Malacrida, Giorgio Sacchetto, Luca Baldassa, Lucia Benvenuto, Giuseppe Mariotti, Raffaella Zanusso, Gianluigi Cecchini, Maria Paola RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
title | RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
title_full | RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
title_fullStr | RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
title_full_unstemmed | RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
title_short | RNAseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with Down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
title_sort | rnaseq analysis of olfactory neuroepithelium cytological samples in individuals with down syndrome compared to euploid controls: a pilot study |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9925603/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36394661 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06500-2 |
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